Being Sherlock Holmes: Can we sense empathy from a brief sample of behaviour?

Mentalizing (otherwise known as ‘theory of mind’) involves a special process that is adapted for predicting and explaining the behaviour of others (targets) based on inferences about targets’ beliefs and character. This research investigated how well participants made inferences about an especially...

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Main Authors: Wu, Wenjie, Sheppard, Elizabeth, Mitchell, Peter
Format: Article
Published: Wiley 2015
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Online Access:https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/39344/
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author Wu, Wenjie
Sheppard, Elizabeth
Mitchell, Peter
author_facet Wu, Wenjie
Sheppard, Elizabeth
Mitchell, Peter
author_sort Wu, Wenjie
building Nottingham Research Data Repository
collection Online Access
description Mentalizing (otherwise known as ‘theory of mind’) involves a special process that is adapted for predicting and explaining the behaviour of others (targets) based on inferences about targets’ beliefs and character. This research investigated how well participants made inferences about an especially apposite aspect of character, empathy. Participants were invited to make inferences of self-rated empathy after watching or listening to an unfamiliar target for a few seconds telling a scripted joke (or answering questions about him/herself or reading aloud a paragraph of promotional material). Across three studies, participants were good at identifying targets with low and high self-rated empathy but not good at identifying those who are average. Such inferences, especially of high self-rated empathy, seemed to be based mainly on clues in the target's behaviour, presented either in a video, a still photograph or in an audio track. However, participants were not as effective in guessing which targets had low or average self-rated empathy from a still photograph showing a neutral pose or from an audio track. We conclude with discussion of the scope and the adaptive value of this inferential ability.
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spelling nottingham-393442020-05-04T17:20:30Z https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/39344/ Being Sherlock Holmes: Can we sense empathy from a brief sample of behaviour? Wu, Wenjie Sheppard, Elizabeth Mitchell, Peter Mentalizing (otherwise known as ‘theory of mind’) involves a special process that is adapted for predicting and explaining the behaviour of others (targets) based on inferences about targets’ beliefs and character. This research investigated how well participants made inferences about an especially apposite aspect of character, empathy. Participants were invited to make inferences of self-rated empathy after watching or listening to an unfamiliar target for a few seconds telling a scripted joke (or answering questions about him/herself or reading aloud a paragraph of promotional material). Across three studies, participants were good at identifying targets with low and high self-rated empathy but not good at identifying those who are average. Such inferences, especially of high self-rated empathy, seemed to be based mainly on clues in the target's behaviour, presented either in a video, a still photograph or in an audio track. However, participants were not as effective in guessing which targets had low or average self-rated empathy from a still photograph showing a neutral pose or from an audio track. We conclude with discussion of the scope and the adaptive value of this inferential ability. Wiley 2015-10-04 Article PeerReviewed Wu, Wenjie, Sheppard, Elizabeth and Mitchell, Peter (2015) Being Sherlock Holmes: Can we sense empathy from a brief sample of behaviour? British Journal of Psychology, 107 (1). pp. 1-22. ISSN 2044-8295 Mentalizing;empathy;zero-acquaintance;behaviour;inference http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bjop.12157/abstract doi:10.1111/bjop.12157 doi:10.1111/bjop.12157
spellingShingle Mentalizing;empathy;zero-acquaintance;behaviour;inference
Wu, Wenjie
Sheppard, Elizabeth
Mitchell, Peter
Being Sherlock Holmes: Can we sense empathy from a brief sample of behaviour?
title Being Sherlock Holmes: Can we sense empathy from a brief sample of behaviour?
title_full Being Sherlock Holmes: Can we sense empathy from a brief sample of behaviour?
title_fullStr Being Sherlock Holmes: Can we sense empathy from a brief sample of behaviour?
title_full_unstemmed Being Sherlock Holmes: Can we sense empathy from a brief sample of behaviour?
title_short Being Sherlock Holmes: Can we sense empathy from a brief sample of behaviour?
title_sort being sherlock holmes: can we sense empathy from a brief sample of behaviour?
topic Mentalizing;empathy;zero-acquaintance;behaviour;inference
url https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/39344/
https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/39344/
https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/39344/