Reciprocal control in adaptive environments

Computing has become an established part of the built environment augmenting it to become adaptive. We generally assume that we control the adaptive environments we inhabit. Using an existing adaptive environment prototype, we conducted a controlled study testing how the reversal of control (where t...

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Main Authors: Jäger, Nils, Schnädelbach, Holger, Hale, Jonathan, Kirk, David, Glover, Kevin
Format: Article
Published: Oxford University Press 2017
Subjects:
Online Access:https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/39077/
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author Jäger, Nils
Schnädelbach, Holger
Hale, Jonathan
Kirk, David
Glover, Kevin
author_facet Jäger, Nils
Schnädelbach, Holger
Hale, Jonathan
Kirk, David
Glover, Kevin
author_sort Jäger, Nils
building Nottingham Research Data Repository
collection Online Access
description Computing has become an established part of the built environment augmenting it to become adaptive. We generally assume that we control the adaptive environments we inhabit. Using an existing adaptive environment prototype, we conducted a controlled study testing how the reversal of control (where the environment attempts to influence the behaviour of the inhabitant) would affect participants. Most participants changed their respiratory behaviour in accordance with this environmental manipulation. Behavioural change occurred either consciously or unconsciously. We explain the two different paths leading participants to behavioural change: (1) We adapt the model of interbodily resonance, a process of bodily interaction observable between, for example, partners engaged in verbal dialogue, to describe the unconscious bodily response to subtle changes in the environment. (2) And we apply the model of secondary control, an adjustment of one’s own expectations to maintain the pretence of control, to describe conscious cognitive adaptation to the changing environment. We also discuss potential applications of our findings in therapeutic and other settings.
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spelling nottingham-390772020-05-04T18:30:45Z https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/39077/ Reciprocal control in adaptive environments Jäger, Nils Schnädelbach, Holger Hale, Jonathan Kirk, David Glover, Kevin Computing has become an established part of the built environment augmenting it to become adaptive. We generally assume that we control the adaptive environments we inhabit. Using an existing adaptive environment prototype, we conducted a controlled study testing how the reversal of control (where the environment attempts to influence the behaviour of the inhabitant) would affect participants. Most participants changed their respiratory behaviour in accordance with this environmental manipulation. Behavioural change occurred either consciously or unconsciously. We explain the two different paths leading participants to behavioural change: (1) We adapt the model of interbodily resonance, a process of bodily interaction observable between, for example, partners engaged in verbal dialogue, to describe the unconscious bodily response to subtle changes in the environment. (2) And we apply the model of secondary control, an adjustment of one’s own expectations to maintain the pretence of control, to describe conscious cognitive adaptation to the changing environment. We also discuss potential applications of our findings in therapeutic and other settings. Oxford University Press 2017-01-13 Article PeerReviewed Jäger, Nils, Schnädelbach, Holger, Hale, Jonathan, Kirk, David and Glover, Kevin (2017) Reciprocal control in adaptive environments. Interacting with Computers . ISSN 1873-7951 Control; Embodiment; Adaptive Environments; Interaction http://iwc.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2017/01/10/iwc.iww037 doi:10.1093/iwc/iww037 doi:10.1093/iwc/iww037
spellingShingle Control; Embodiment; Adaptive Environments; Interaction
Jäger, Nils
Schnädelbach, Holger
Hale, Jonathan
Kirk, David
Glover, Kevin
Reciprocal control in adaptive environments
title Reciprocal control in adaptive environments
title_full Reciprocal control in adaptive environments
title_fullStr Reciprocal control in adaptive environments
title_full_unstemmed Reciprocal control in adaptive environments
title_short Reciprocal control in adaptive environments
title_sort reciprocal control in adaptive environments
topic Control; Embodiment; Adaptive Environments; Interaction
url https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/39077/
https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/39077/
https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/39077/