Risk of nosocomial respiratory syncytial virus infection and effectiveness of control measures to prevent transmission events: a systematic review
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) causes a significant public health burden, and outbreaks among vulnerable patients in hospital settings are of particular concern. We reviewed published and unpublished literature from hospital settings to assess: (i) nosocomial RSV transmission risk (attack rate) d...
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| Format: | Article |
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Wiley
2016
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| Online Access: | https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/37677/ |
| _version_ | 1848795509912764416 |
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| author | French, Clare E. McKenzie, Bruce C. Coope, Caroline Rajanaidu, Subhadra Paranthaman, Karthik Pebody, Richard Nguyen-Van-Tam, Jonathan S. Higgins, Julian P.T. Beck, Charles R. |
| author_facet | French, Clare E. McKenzie, Bruce C. Coope, Caroline Rajanaidu, Subhadra Paranthaman, Karthik Pebody, Richard Nguyen-Van-Tam, Jonathan S. Higgins, Julian P.T. Beck, Charles R. |
| author_sort | French, Clare E. |
| building | Nottingham Research Data Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) causes a significant public health burden, and outbreaks among vulnerable patients in hospital settings are of particular concern. We reviewed published and unpublished literature from hospital settings to assess: (i) nosocomial RSV transmission risk (attack rate) during outbreaks, (ii) effectiveness of infection control measures. We searched the following databases: MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, together with key websites, journals and grey literature, to end of 2012. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool or Newcastle–Ottawa scale. A narrative synthesis was conducted. Forty studies were included (19 addressing research question one, 21 addressing question two). RSV transmission risk varied by hospital setting; 6–56% (median: 28·5%) in neonatal/paediatric settings (n = 14), 6–12% (median: 7%) in adult haematology and transplant units (n = 3), and 30–32% in other adult settings (n = 2). For question two, most studies (n = 13) employed multi-component interventions (e.g. cohort nursing, personal protective equipment (PPE), isolation), and these were largely reported to be effective in reducing nosocomial transmission. Four studies examined staff PPE; eye protection appeared more effective than gowns and masks. One study reported on RSV prophylaxis for patients (RSV-Ig/palivizumab); there was no statistical evidence of effectiveness although the sample size was small. Overall, risk of bias for included studies tended to be high. We conclude that RSV transmission risk varies widely during hospital outbreaks. Although multi-component control strategies appear broadly successful, further research is required to disaggregate the effectiveness of individual components including the potential role of palivizumab prophylaxis. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-14T19:33:14Z |
| format | Article |
| id | nottingham-37677 |
| institution | University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus |
| institution_category | Local University |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-14T19:33:14Z |
| publishDate | 2016 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | nottingham-376772020-05-04T17:40:39Z https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/37677/ Risk of nosocomial respiratory syncytial virus infection and effectiveness of control measures to prevent transmission events: a systematic review French, Clare E. McKenzie, Bruce C. Coope, Caroline Rajanaidu, Subhadra Paranthaman, Karthik Pebody, Richard Nguyen-Van-Tam, Jonathan S. Higgins, Julian P.T. Beck, Charles R. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) causes a significant public health burden, and outbreaks among vulnerable patients in hospital settings are of particular concern. We reviewed published and unpublished literature from hospital settings to assess: (i) nosocomial RSV transmission risk (attack rate) during outbreaks, (ii) effectiveness of infection control measures. We searched the following databases: MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, together with key websites, journals and grey literature, to end of 2012. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool or Newcastle–Ottawa scale. A narrative synthesis was conducted. Forty studies were included (19 addressing research question one, 21 addressing question two). RSV transmission risk varied by hospital setting; 6–56% (median: 28·5%) in neonatal/paediatric settings (n = 14), 6–12% (median: 7%) in adult haematology and transplant units (n = 3), and 30–32% in other adult settings (n = 2). For question two, most studies (n = 13) employed multi-component interventions (e.g. cohort nursing, personal protective equipment (PPE), isolation), and these were largely reported to be effective in reducing nosocomial transmission. Four studies examined staff PPE; eye protection appeared more effective than gowns and masks. One study reported on RSV prophylaxis for patients (RSV-Ig/palivizumab); there was no statistical evidence of effectiveness although the sample size was small. Overall, risk of bias for included studies tended to be high. We conclude that RSV transmission risk varies widely during hospital outbreaks. Although multi-component control strategies appear broadly successful, further research is required to disaggregate the effectiveness of individual components including the potential role of palivizumab prophylaxis. Wiley 2016-03-24 Article PeerReviewed French, Clare E., McKenzie, Bruce C., Coope, Caroline, Rajanaidu, Subhadra, Paranthaman, Karthik, Pebody, Richard, Nguyen-Van-Tam, Jonathan S., Higgins, Julian P.T. and Beck, Charles R. (2016) Risk of nosocomial respiratory syncytial virus infection and effectiveness of control measures to prevent transmission events: a systematic review. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses, 10 (4). pp. 268-290. ISSN 1750-2659 Infection control nosocomial infections palivizumab personal protective equipment respiratory syncytial virus http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/irv.12379/abstract doi:10.1111/irv.12379 doi:10.1111/irv.12379 |
| spellingShingle | Infection control nosocomial infections palivizumab personal protective equipment respiratory syncytial virus French, Clare E. McKenzie, Bruce C. Coope, Caroline Rajanaidu, Subhadra Paranthaman, Karthik Pebody, Richard Nguyen-Van-Tam, Jonathan S. Higgins, Julian P.T. Beck, Charles R. Risk of nosocomial respiratory syncytial virus infection and effectiveness of control measures to prevent transmission events: a systematic review |
| title | Risk of nosocomial respiratory syncytial virus infection and effectiveness of control measures to prevent transmission events: a systematic review |
| title_full | Risk of nosocomial respiratory syncytial virus infection and effectiveness of control measures to prevent transmission events: a systematic review |
| title_fullStr | Risk of nosocomial respiratory syncytial virus infection and effectiveness of control measures to prevent transmission events: a systematic review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Risk of nosocomial respiratory syncytial virus infection and effectiveness of control measures to prevent transmission events: a systematic review |
| title_short | Risk of nosocomial respiratory syncytial virus infection and effectiveness of control measures to prevent transmission events: a systematic review |
| title_sort | risk of nosocomial respiratory syncytial virus infection and effectiveness of control measures to prevent transmission events: a systematic review |
| topic | Infection control nosocomial infections palivizumab personal protective equipment respiratory syncytial virus |
| url | https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/37677/ https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/37677/ https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/37677/ |