The problem with root cause analysis

Attempts to learn from high-risk industries such as aviation and nuclear power have been a prominent feature of the patient safety movement since the late 1990s. One noteworthy practice adopted from such industries, endorsed by healthcare systems worldwide for the investigation of serious incidents,...

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Main Authors: Peerally, Mohammas Farhad, Carr, Susan, Waring, Justin, Dixon-Woods, Mary
Format: Article
Published: BMJ Publishing Group 2016
Online Access:https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/37589/
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author Peerally, Mohammas Farhad
Carr, Susan
Waring, Justin
Dixon-Woods, Mary
author_facet Peerally, Mohammas Farhad
Carr, Susan
Waring, Justin
Dixon-Woods, Mary
author_sort Peerally, Mohammas Farhad
building Nottingham Research Data Repository
collection Online Access
description Attempts to learn from high-risk industries such as aviation and nuclear power have been a prominent feature of the patient safety movement since the late 1990s. One noteworthy practice adopted from such industries, endorsed by healthcare systems worldwide for the investigation of serious incidents, (1-3) is root cause analysis (RCA). Broadly understood as a method of structured risk identification and management in the aftermath of adverse events, (1) RCA is not a single technique. Rather, it describes a range of approaches and tools drawn from fields including human factors and safety science (4,5) that are used to establish how and why an incident occurred in an attempt to identify how it, and similar problems, might be prevented from happening again.(6) In this article, we propose that RCA does have potential value in healthcare, but it has been widely applied without sufficient attention paid to what makes it work in its contexts of origin, and without adequate customisation for the specifics of healthcare. (7,8) As a result, its potential has remained under-realised (7) and the phenomenon of organisational forgetting (9) remains widespread (Box 1). Here, we identify eight challenges facing the utilisation of RCA in healthcare and offer some proposals on how to improve learning from incidents.
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spelling nottingham-375892020-05-04T17:55:31Z https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/37589/ The problem with root cause analysis Peerally, Mohammas Farhad Carr, Susan Waring, Justin Dixon-Woods, Mary Attempts to learn from high-risk industries such as aviation and nuclear power have been a prominent feature of the patient safety movement since the late 1990s. One noteworthy practice adopted from such industries, endorsed by healthcare systems worldwide for the investigation of serious incidents, (1-3) is root cause analysis (RCA). Broadly understood as a method of structured risk identification and management in the aftermath of adverse events, (1) RCA is not a single technique. Rather, it describes a range of approaches and tools drawn from fields including human factors and safety science (4,5) that are used to establish how and why an incident occurred in an attempt to identify how it, and similar problems, might be prevented from happening again.(6) In this article, we propose that RCA does have potential value in healthcare, but it has been widely applied without sufficient attention paid to what makes it work in its contexts of origin, and without adequate customisation for the specifics of healthcare. (7,8) As a result, its potential has remained under-realised (7) and the phenomenon of organisational forgetting (9) remains widespread (Box 1). Here, we identify eight challenges facing the utilisation of RCA in healthcare and offer some proposals on how to improve learning from incidents. BMJ Publishing Group 2016-06-23 Article PeerReviewed Peerally, Mohammas Farhad, Carr, Susan, Waring, Justin and Dixon-Woods, Mary (2016) The problem with root cause analysis. BMJ Quality & Safety . ISSN 2044-5423 http://qualitysafety.bmj.com/content/early/2016/06/23/bmjqs-2016-005511.full doi:10.1136/bmjqs-2016-005511 doi:10.1136/bmjqs-2016-005511
spellingShingle Peerally, Mohammas Farhad
Carr, Susan
Waring, Justin
Dixon-Woods, Mary
The problem with root cause analysis
title The problem with root cause analysis
title_full The problem with root cause analysis
title_fullStr The problem with root cause analysis
title_full_unstemmed The problem with root cause analysis
title_short The problem with root cause analysis
title_sort problem with root cause analysis
url https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/37589/
https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/37589/
https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/37589/