Increased liver fat and glycogen stores after consumption of high versus low glycaemic index food: a randomized crossover study

Aim: To investigate the acute and longer-term effects of low (LGI) versus high glycaemic index (HGI) diets on hepatic fat and glycogen accumulation and related blood measures in healthy volunteers. Methods: Eight healthy men (age 20.1 � 0.4 years, body mass index 23.0 � 0.9 kg/m2) attended a test...

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Main Authors: Bawden, Stephen, Stephenson, Mary, Falcone, Yirga, Lingaya, Melanie, Ciampi, Elisabetta, Hunter, Karl, Bligh, Frances, Schirra, Jörg, Taylor, Moira, Morris, Peter, MacDonald, Ian A., Gowland, Penny A., Marciani, Luca, Aithal, Guruprasad P.
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Published: Wiley 2016
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Online Access:https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/37368/
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author Bawden, Stephen
Stephenson, Mary
Falcone, Yirga
Lingaya, Melanie
Ciampi, Elisabetta
Hunter, Karl
Bligh, Frances
Schirra, Jörg
Taylor, Moira
Morris, Peter
MacDonald, Ian A.
Gowland, Penny A.
Marciani, Luca
Aithal, Guruprasad P.
author_facet Bawden, Stephen
Stephenson, Mary
Falcone, Yirga
Lingaya, Melanie
Ciampi, Elisabetta
Hunter, Karl
Bligh, Frances
Schirra, Jörg
Taylor, Moira
Morris, Peter
MacDonald, Ian A.
Gowland, Penny A.
Marciani, Luca
Aithal, Guruprasad P.
author_sort Bawden, Stephen
building Nottingham Research Data Repository
collection Online Access
description Aim: To investigate the acute and longer-term effects of low (LGI) versus high glycaemic index (HGI) diets on hepatic fat and glycogen accumulation and related blood measures in healthy volunteers. Methods: Eight healthy men (age 20.1 � 0.4 years, body mass index 23.0 � 0.9 kg/m2) attended a test day before and after a 7-day macronutrient- and energy-matched HGI or LGI diet, followed by a minimum 4-week wash-out period, and then returned to repeat the intervention with the alternative diet. During test days, participants consumed either an HGI or an LGI test meal corresponding to their diet week, and liver fat [1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS)], glycogen (13C MRS) and gastric content volume (MRI) were measured. Blood samples were obtained regularly throughout the test day to assess plasma glucose and insulin levels. Results: Plasma glucose and insulin peak values and area under the curve were significantly greater after the HGI test meal compared with the LGI test meal, as expected. Hepatic glycogen concentrations increased more after the HGI test meal (P < .05) and peak levels were significantly greater after 7 days of HGI dietary intervention compared with those at the beginning of the intervention (P < .05). Liver fat fractions increased significantly after the HGI dietary intervention compared with the LGI dietary intervention (two-way repeated-measures analysis of variance P ≤ .05). Conclusions: Compared with an LGI diet, a 1-week HGI diet increased hepatic fat and glycogen stores. This may have important clinical relevance for dietary interventions in the prevention and management of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
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spelling nottingham-373682020-05-04T18:24:29Z https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/37368/ Increased liver fat and glycogen stores after consumption of high versus low glycaemic index food: a randomized crossover study Bawden, Stephen Stephenson, Mary Falcone, Yirga Lingaya, Melanie Ciampi, Elisabetta Hunter, Karl Bligh, Frances Schirra, Jörg Taylor, Moira Morris, Peter MacDonald, Ian A. Gowland, Penny A. Marciani, Luca Aithal, Guruprasad P. Aim: To investigate the acute and longer-term effects of low (LGI) versus high glycaemic index (HGI) diets on hepatic fat and glycogen accumulation and related blood measures in healthy volunteers. Methods: Eight healthy men (age 20.1 � 0.4 years, body mass index 23.0 � 0.9 kg/m2) attended a test day before and after a 7-day macronutrient- and energy-matched HGI or LGI diet, followed by a minimum 4-week wash-out period, and then returned to repeat the intervention with the alternative diet. During test days, participants consumed either an HGI or an LGI test meal corresponding to their diet week, and liver fat [1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS)], glycogen (13C MRS) and gastric content volume (MRI) were measured. Blood samples were obtained regularly throughout the test day to assess plasma glucose and insulin levels. Results: Plasma glucose and insulin peak values and area under the curve were significantly greater after the HGI test meal compared with the LGI test meal, as expected. Hepatic glycogen concentrations increased more after the HGI test meal (P < .05) and peak levels were significantly greater after 7 days of HGI dietary intervention compared with those at the beginning of the intervention (P < .05). Liver fat fractions increased significantly after the HGI dietary intervention compared with the LGI dietary intervention (two-way repeated-measures analysis of variance P ≤ .05). Conclusions: Compared with an LGI diet, a 1-week HGI diet increased hepatic fat and glycogen stores. This may have important clinical relevance for dietary interventions in the prevention and management of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Wiley 2016-12-23 Article PeerReviewed Bawden, Stephen, Stephenson, Mary, Falcone, Yirga, Lingaya, Melanie, Ciampi, Elisabetta, Hunter, Karl, Bligh, Frances, Schirra, Jörg, Taylor, Moira, Morris, Peter, MacDonald, Ian A., Gowland, Penny A., Marciani, Luca and Aithal, Guruprasad P. (2016) Increased liver fat and glycogen stores after consumption of high versus low glycaemic index food: a randomized crossover study. Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, 19 (1). pp. 70-77. ISSN 1463-1326 Dietary intervention Fatty liver Glycaemic control Liver Randomised trial http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/dom.12784/abstract;jsessionid=C0EBDCF01CB2965D4AC73DF1CA369C44.f01t01 doi:10.1111/dom.12784 doi:10.1111/dom.12784
spellingShingle Dietary intervention
Fatty liver
Glycaemic control
Liver
Randomised trial
Bawden, Stephen
Stephenson, Mary
Falcone, Yirga
Lingaya, Melanie
Ciampi, Elisabetta
Hunter, Karl
Bligh, Frances
Schirra, Jörg
Taylor, Moira
Morris, Peter
MacDonald, Ian A.
Gowland, Penny A.
Marciani, Luca
Aithal, Guruprasad P.
Increased liver fat and glycogen stores after consumption of high versus low glycaemic index food: a randomized crossover study
title Increased liver fat and glycogen stores after consumption of high versus low glycaemic index food: a randomized crossover study
title_full Increased liver fat and glycogen stores after consumption of high versus low glycaemic index food: a randomized crossover study
title_fullStr Increased liver fat and glycogen stores after consumption of high versus low glycaemic index food: a randomized crossover study
title_full_unstemmed Increased liver fat and glycogen stores after consumption of high versus low glycaemic index food: a randomized crossover study
title_short Increased liver fat and glycogen stores after consumption of high versus low glycaemic index food: a randomized crossover study
title_sort increased liver fat and glycogen stores after consumption of high versus low glycaemic index food: a randomized crossover study
topic Dietary intervention
Fatty liver
Glycaemic control
Liver
Randomised trial
url https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/37368/
https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/37368/
https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/37368/