The impact of oxidation on spore and pollen chemistry
Sporomorphs (pollen and spores) have an outer wall composed of sporopollenin. Sporopollenin chemistry contains both a signature of ambient ultraviolet-B flux and taxonomic information, but it is currently unknown how sensitive this is to standard palynological processing techniques. Oxidation in par...
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Geological Society
2015
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| Online Access: | https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/37162/ |
| _version_ | 1848795405095010304 |
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| author | Jardine, Phillip E. Fraser, Wesley T. Lomax, Barry H. Gosling, William D. |
| author_facet | Jardine, Phillip E. Fraser, Wesley T. Lomax, Barry H. Gosling, William D. |
| author_sort | Jardine, Phillip E. |
| building | Nottingham Research Data Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Sporomorphs (pollen and spores) have an outer wall composed of sporopollenin. Sporopollenin chemistry contains both a signature of ambient ultraviolet-B flux and taxonomic information, but it is currently unknown how sensitive this is to standard palynological processing techniques. Oxidation in particular is known to cause physical degradation to sporomorphs, and it is expected that this should have a concordant impact on sporopollenin chemistry. Here, we test this by experimentally oxidizing Lycopodium (clubmoss) spores using two common oxidation techniques: acetolysis and nitric acid. We also carry out acetolysis on eight angiosperm (flowering plant) taxa to test the generality of our results. Using Fourier Transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, we find that acetolysis removes labile, non-fossilizable components of sporomorphs, but has a limited impact upon the chemistry of sporopollenin under normal processing durations. Nitric acid is more aggressive and does break down sporopollenin and reorganize its chemical structure, but when limited to short treatments (i.e. ≤10 min) at room temperature sporomorphs still contain most of the original chemical signal. These findings suggest that when used carefully oxidation does not adversely affect sporopollenin chemistry, and that palaeoclimatic and taxonomic signatures contained within the sporomorph wall are recoverable from standard palynological preparations. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-14T19:31:34Z |
| format | Article |
| id | nottingham-37162 |
| institution | University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus |
| institution_category | Local University |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-14T19:31:34Z |
| publishDate | 2015 |
| publisher | Geological Society |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | nottingham-371622020-05-04T17:05:21Z https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/37162/ The impact of oxidation on spore and pollen chemistry Jardine, Phillip E. Fraser, Wesley T. Lomax, Barry H. Gosling, William D. Sporomorphs (pollen and spores) have an outer wall composed of sporopollenin. Sporopollenin chemistry contains both a signature of ambient ultraviolet-B flux and taxonomic information, but it is currently unknown how sensitive this is to standard palynological processing techniques. Oxidation in particular is known to cause physical degradation to sporomorphs, and it is expected that this should have a concordant impact on sporopollenin chemistry. Here, we test this by experimentally oxidizing Lycopodium (clubmoss) spores using two common oxidation techniques: acetolysis and nitric acid. We also carry out acetolysis on eight angiosperm (flowering plant) taxa to test the generality of our results. Using Fourier Transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, we find that acetolysis removes labile, non-fossilizable components of sporomorphs, but has a limited impact upon the chemistry of sporopollenin under normal processing durations. Nitric acid is more aggressive and does break down sporopollenin and reorganize its chemical structure, but when limited to short treatments (i.e. ≤10 min) at room temperature sporomorphs still contain most of the original chemical signal. These findings suggest that when used carefully oxidation does not adversely affect sporopollenin chemistry, and that palaeoclimatic and taxonomic signatures contained within the sporomorph wall are recoverable from standard palynological preparations. Geological Society 2015-05-01 Article PeerReviewed Jardine, Phillip E., Fraser, Wesley T., Lomax, Barry H. and Gosling, William D. (2015) The impact of oxidation on spore and pollen chemistry. Journal of Micropalaeontology, 34 (2). pp. 139-149. ISSN 2041-4978 oxidation palynology ultraviolet-B FTIR sporopollenin http://jm.lyellcollection.org/content/early/2015/04/28/jmpaleo2014-022 doi:10.1144/jmpaleo2014-022 doi:10.1144/jmpaleo2014-022 |
| spellingShingle | oxidation palynology ultraviolet-B FTIR sporopollenin Jardine, Phillip E. Fraser, Wesley T. Lomax, Barry H. Gosling, William D. The impact of oxidation on spore and pollen chemistry |
| title | The impact of oxidation on spore and pollen chemistry |
| title_full | The impact of oxidation on spore and pollen chemistry |
| title_fullStr | The impact of oxidation on spore and pollen chemistry |
| title_full_unstemmed | The impact of oxidation on spore and pollen chemistry |
| title_short | The impact of oxidation on spore and pollen chemistry |
| title_sort | impact of oxidation on spore and pollen chemistry |
| topic | oxidation palynology ultraviolet-B FTIR sporopollenin |
| url | https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/37162/ https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/37162/ https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/37162/ |