Fast algorithms for fitting active appearance models to unconstrained images
Fitting algorithms for Active Appearance Models (AAMs) are usually considered to be robust but slow or fast but less able to generalize well to unseen variations. In this paper, we look into AAM fitting algorithms and make the following orthogonal contributions: We present a simple “project-out” opt...
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| Format: | Article |
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Springer Verlag
2016
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| Online Access: | https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/36946/ |
| _version_ | 1848795363803136000 |
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| author | Tzimiropoulos, Georgios Pantic, Maja |
| author_facet | Tzimiropoulos, Georgios Pantic, Maja |
| author_sort | Tzimiropoulos, Georgios |
| building | Nottingham Research Data Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Fitting algorithms for Active Appearance Models (AAMs) are usually considered to be robust but slow or fast but less able to generalize well to unseen variations. In this paper, we look into AAM fitting algorithms and make the following orthogonal contributions: We present a simple “project-out” optimization framework that unifies and revises the most well-known optimization problems and solutions in AAMs. Based on this framework, we describe robust simultaneous AAM fitting algorithms the complexity of which is not prohibitive for current systems. We then go on one step further and propose a new approximate project-out AAM fitting algorithm which we coin extended project-out inverse compositional (E-POIC). In contrast to current algorithms, E-POIC is both efficient and robust. Next, we describe a part-based AAM employing a translational motion model, which results in superior fitting and convergence properties. We also show that the proposed AAMs, when trained “in-the-wild” using SIFT descriptors, perform surprisingly well even for the case of unseen unconstrained images. Via a number of experiments on unconstrained human and animal face databases, we show that our combined contributions largely bridge the gap between exact and current approximate methods for AAM fitting and perform comparably with state-of-the-art face alignment algorithms. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-14T19:30:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | nottingham-36946 |
| institution | University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus |
| institution_category | Local University |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-14T19:30:54Z |
| publishDate | 2016 |
| publisher | Springer Verlag |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | nottingham-369462020-05-04T18:09:52Z https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/36946/ Fast algorithms for fitting active appearance models to unconstrained images Tzimiropoulos, Georgios Pantic, Maja Fitting algorithms for Active Appearance Models (AAMs) are usually considered to be robust but slow or fast but less able to generalize well to unseen variations. In this paper, we look into AAM fitting algorithms and make the following orthogonal contributions: We present a simple “project-out” optimization framework that unifies and revises the most well-known optimization problems and solutions in AAMs. Based on this framework, we describe robust simultaneous AAM fitting algorithms the complexity of which is not prohibitive for current systems. We then go on one step further and propose a new approximate project-out AAM fitting algorithm which we coin extended project-out inverse compositional (E-POIC). In contrast to current algorithms, E-POIC is both efficient and robust. Next, we describe a part-based AAM employing a translational motion model, which results in superior fitting and convergence properties. We also show that the proposed AAMs, when trained “in-the-wild” using SIFT descriptors, perform surprisingly well even for the case of unseen unconstrained images. Via a number of experiments on unconstrained human and animal face databases, we show that our combined contributions largely bridge the gap between exact and current approximate methods for AAM fitting and perform comparably with state-of-the-art face alignment algorithms. Springer Verlag 2016-09-24 Article PeerReviewed Tzimiropoulos, Georgios and Pantic, Maja (2016) Fast algorithms for fitting active appearance models to unconstrained images. International Journal of Computer Vision . ISSN 1573-1405 Active appearance models Face alignment In-the-wild http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs11263-016-0950-1 doi:10.1007/s11263-016-0950-1 doi:10.1007/s11263-016-0950-1 |
| spellingShingle | Active appearance models Face alignment In-the-wild Tzimiropoulos, Georgios Pantic, Maja Fast algorithms for fitting active appearance models to unconstrained images |
| title | Fast algorithms for fitting active appearance models to unconstrained images |
| title_full | Fast algorithms for fitting active appearance models to unconstrained images |
| title_fullStr | Fast algorithms for fitting active appearance models to unconstrained images |
| title_full_unstemmed | Fast algorithms for fitting active appearance models to unconstrained images |
| title_short | Fast algorithms for fitting active appearance models to unconstrained images |
| title_sort | fast algorithms for fitting active appearance models to unconstrained images |
| topic | Active appearance models Face alignment In-the-wild |
| url | https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/36946/ https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/36946/ https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/36946/ |