kNN-IS: an iterative spark-based design of the k-nearest neighbors classifier for big data

The k-Nearest Neighbors classifier is a simple yet effective widely renowned method in data mining. The actual application of this model in the big data domain is not feasible due to time and memory restrictions. Several distributed alternatives based on MapReduce have been proposed to enable this m...

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Main Authors: Maillo, Jesus, Ramirez, Sergio, Triguero, Isaac, Herrera, Francisco
Format: Article
Published: Elsevier 2016
Subjects:
Online Access:https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/34013/
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author Maillo, Jesus
Ramirez, Sergio
Triguero, Isaac
Herrera, Francisco
author_facet Maillo, Jesus
Ramirez, Sergio
Triguero, Isaac
Herrera, Francisco
author_sort Maillo, Jesus
building Nottingham Research Data Repository
collection Online Access
description The k-Nearest Neighbors classifier is a simple yet effective widely renowned method in data mining. The actual application of this model in the big data domain is not feasible due to time and memory restrictions. Several distributed alternatives based on MapReduce have been proposed to enable this method to handle large-scale data. However, their performance can be further improved with new designs that fit with newly arising technologies. In this work we provide a new solution to perform an exact k-nearest neighbor classification based on Spark. We take advantage of its in-memory operations to classify big amounts of unseen cases against a big training dataset. The map phase computes the k-nearest neighbors in different training data splits. Afterwards, multiple reducers process the definitive neighbors from the list obtained in the map phase. The key point of this proposal lies on the management of the test set, keeping it in memory when possible. Otherwise, it is split into a minimum number of pieces, applying a MapReduce per chunk, using the caching skills of Spark to reuse the previously partitioned training set. In our experiments we study the differences between Hadoop and Spark implementations with datasets up to 11 million instances, showing the scaling-up capabilities of the proposed approach. As a result of this work an open-source Spark package is available.
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spelling nottingham-340132020-05-04T17:56:43Z https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/34013/ kNN-IS: an iterative spark-based design of the k-nearest neighbors classifier for big data Maillo, Jesus Ramirez, Sergio Triguero, Isaac Herrera, Francisco The k-Nearest Neighbors classifier is a simple yet effective widely renowned method in data mining. The actual application of this model in the big data domain is not feasible due to time and memory restrictions. Several distributed alternatives based on MapReduce have been proposed to enable this method to handle large-scale data. However, their performance can be further improved with new designs that fit with newly arising technologies. In this work we provide a new solution to perform an exact k-nearest neighbor classification based on Spark. We take advantage of its in-memory operations to classify big amounts of unseen cases against a big training dataset. The map phase computes the k-nearest neighbors in different training data splits. Afterwards, multiple reducers process the definitive neighbors from the list obtained in the map phase. The key point of this proposal lies on the management of the test set, keeping it in memory when possible. Otherwise, it is split into a minimum number of pieces, applying a MapReduce per chunk, using the caching skills of Spark to reuse the previously partitioned training set. In our experiments we study the differences between Hadoop and Spark implementations with datasets up to 11 million instances, showing the scaling-up capabilities of the proposed approach. As a result of this work an open-source Spark package is available. Elsevier 2016-06-14 Article PeerReviewed Maillo, Jesus, Ramirez, Sergio, Triguero, Isaac and Herrera, Francisco (2016) kNN-IS: an iterative spark-based design of the k-nearest neighbors classifier for big data. Knowledge-Based Systems . ISSN 1872-7409 (In Press) K-nearest neighbors; Big data; Apache Hadoop; Apache Spark; MapReduce http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0950705116301757 doi:10.1016/j.knosys.2016.06.012 doi:10.1016/j.knosys.2016.06.012
spellingShingle K-nearest neighbors; Big data; Apache Hadoop; Apache Spark; MapReduce
Maillo, Jesus
Ramirez, Sergio
Triguero, Isaac
Herrera, Francisco
kNN-IS: an iterative spark-based design of the k-nearest neighbors classifier for big data
title kNN-IS: an iterative spark-based design of the k-nearest neighbors classifier for big data
title_full kNN-IS: an iterative spark-based design of the k-nearest neighbors classifier for big data
title_fullStr kNN-IS: an iterative spark-based design of the k-nearest neighbors classifier for big data
title_full_unstemmed kNN-IS: an iterative spark-based design of the k-nearest neighbors classifier for big data
title_short kNN-IS: an iterative spark-based design of the k-nearest neighbors classifier for big data
title_sort knn-is: an iterative spark-based design of the k-nearest neighbors classifier for big data
topic K-nearest neighbors; Big data; Apache Hadoop; Apache Spark; MapReduce
url https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/34013/
https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/34013/
https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/34013/