The status of GNSS data processing systems to estimate integrated water vapour for use in numerical weather prediction models
Modern Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) models make use of the GNSS-derived Zenith Total Delay (ZTD) or Integrated Water Vapour (IWV) estimates to enhance the quality of their forecasts. Usually, the ZTD is assimilated into the NWP models on 3- hourly to 6-hourly intervals but with the advancement...
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| Format: | Book Section |
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Springer
2015
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| Online Access: | https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/33857/ |
| _version_ | 1848794720617103360 |
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| author | Ahmed, F. Teferle, F.N. Bingley, R.M. Laurichesse, D. |
| author_facet | Ahmed, F. Teferle, F.N. Bingley, R.M. Laurichesse, D. |
| author_sort | Ahmed, F. |
| building | Nottingham Research Data Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Modern Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) models make use of the GNSS-derived Zenith Total Delay (ZTD) or Integrated Water Vapour (IWV) estimates to enhance the quality of their forecasts. Usually, the ZTD is assimilated into the NWP models on 3- hourly to 6-hourly intervals but with the advancement of NWP models towards higher update rates e.g. 1-hourly cycling in the Rapid Update Cycle (RUC) NWP, it has become of high interest to estimate ZTD on sub-hourly intervals. In turn, this imposes requirements related to the timeliness and accuracy of the ZTD estimates and has lead to a development of various strategies to process GNSS observations to obtain ZTD with different latencies and accuracies. Using present GNSS products and tools, ZTD can be estimated in real-time (RT), near real-time (NRT) and post-processing (PP) modes. The aim of this study is to provide an overview and accuracy assessment of various RT, NRT, and PP IWV estimation systems and comparing their achieved accuracy with the user requirements for GNSS meteorology. The NRT systems are based on Bernese GPS Software 5.0 and use a double-differencing strategy whereas the PP system is based on the Bernese GNSS Software 5.2 using the precise point positioning (PPP) strategy. The RT systems are based on the BKG Ntrip Client 2.7 and the PPPWizard both using PPP. The PPP-Wizard allows integer ambiguity resolution at a single station and therefore the effect of fixing integer ambiguities on ZTD estimates will also be presented. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-14T19:20:41Z |
| format | Book Section |
| id | nottingham-33857 |
| institution | University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus |
| institution_category | Local University |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-14T19:20:41Z |
| publishDate | 2015 |
| publisher | Springer |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | nottingham-338572020-05-04T17:12:07Z https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/33857/ The status of GNSS data processing systems to estimate integrated water vapour for use in numerical weather prediction models Ahmed, F. Teferle, F.N. Bingley, R.M. Laurichesse, D. Modern Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) models make use of the GNSS-derived Zenith Total Delay (ZTD) or Integrated Water Vapour (IWV) estimates to enhance the quality of their forecasts. Usually, the ZTD is assimilated into the NWP models on 3- hourly to 6-hourly intervals but with the advancement of NWP models towards higher update rates e.g. 1-hourly cycling in the Rapid Update Cycle (RUC) NWP, it has become of high interest to estimate ZTD on sub-hourly intervals. In turn, this imposes requirements related to the timeliness and accuracy of the ZTD estimates and has lead to a development of various strategies to process GNSS observations to obtain ZTD with different latencies and accuracies. Using present GNSS products and tools, ZTD can be estimated in real-time (RT), near real-time (NRT) and post-processing (PP) modes. The aim of this study is to provide an overview and accuracy assessment of various RT, NRT, and PP IWV estimation systems and comparing their achieved accuracy with the user requirements for GNSS meteorology. The NRT systems are based on Bernese GPS Software 5.0 and use a double-differencing strategy whereas the PP system is based on the Bernese GNSS Software 5.2 using the precise point positioning (PPP) strategy. The RT systems are based on the BKG Ntrip Client 2.7 and the PPPWizard both using PPP. The PPP-Wizard allows integer ambiguity resolution at a single station and therefore the effect of fixing integer ambiguities on ZTD estimates will also be presented. Springer 2015-07-30 Book Section PeerReviewed Ahmed, F., Teferle, F.N., Bingley, R.M. and Laurichesse, D. (2015) The status of GNSS data processing systems to estimate integrated water vapour for use in numerical weather prediction models. In: IAG 150 years: proceedings of the IAG Scientific Assembly in Postdam, Germany, 2013. International Association of Geodesy Symposia (143). Springer, Berlin, Germany, pp. 587-593. ISBN 9783319308951 Global Navigation Satellite Systems; Integrated water vapour; Near real-time; Numerical weather prediction; Post processing; Real-time; Troposphere; Zenith total delay http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/1345_2015_178 doi:10.1007/1345_2015_178 doi:10.1007/1345_2015_178 |
| spellingShingle | Global Navigation Satellite Systems; Integrated water vapour; Near real-time; Numerical weather prediction; Post processing; Real-time; Troposphere; Zenith total delay Ahmed, F. Teferle, F.N. Bingley, R.M. Laurichesse, D. The status of GNSS data processing systems to estimate integrated water vapour for use in numerical weather prediction models |
| title | The status of GNSS data processing systems to estimate integrated water vapour for use in numerical weather prediction models |
| title_full | The status of GNSS data processing systems to estimate integrated water vapour for use in numerical weather prediction models |
| title_fullStr | The status of GNSS data processing systems to estimate integrated water vapour for use in numerical weather prediction models |
| title_full_unstemmed | The status of GNSS data processing systems to estimate integrated water vapour for use in numerical weather prediction models |
| title_short | The status of GNSS data processing systems to estimate integrated water vapour for use in numerical weather prediction models |
| title_sort | status of gnss data processing systems to estimate integrated water vapour for use in numerical weather prediction models |
| topic | Global Navigation Satellite Systems; Integrated water vapour; Near real-time; Numerical weather prediction; Post processing; Real-time; Troposphere; Zenith total delay |
| url | https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/33857/ https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/33857/ https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/33857/ |