Preschool hyperactivity specifically elevates long-term mental health risks more strongly in males than females: a prospective longitudinal study through to young adulthood
Evidence of continuities between preschool hyperactivity and adult mental health problems highlight the potential value of targeting early identification and intervention strategies. However, specific risk factors are currently unclear. This large-scale prospective longitudinal study aimed to identi...
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| Format: | Article |
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Springer
2017
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| Online Access: | https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/33653/ |
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| author | Smith, Elizabeth Meyer, Brenda J. Koerting, Johanna Laver-Bradbury, Cathy Lee, Louise Jefferson, Harriet Sayal, Kapil Treglown, Luke Thompson, Margaret Sonuga-Barke, Edmund J.S. |
| author_facet | Smith, Elizabeth Meyer, Brenda J. Koerting, Johanna Laver-Bradbury, Cathy Lee, Louise Jefferson, Harriet Sayal, Kapil Treglown, Luke Thompson, Margaret Sonuga-Barke, Edmund J.S. |
| author_sort | Smith, Elizabeth |
| building | Nottingham Research Data Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Evidence of continuities between preschool hyperactivity and adult mental health problems highlight the potential value of targeting early identification and intervention strategies. However, specific risk factors are currently unclear. This large-scale prospective longitudinal study aimed to identify which hyperactive preschoolers are at greatest long-term risk of poor mental health. One hundred and seventy children (89 females) rated as hyperactive by their parents and 88 non-hyperactive controls (48 females) were identified from a community sample of 4,215 3 year-olds. Baseline data relating to behavioral/emotional problems and background characteristics were collected. Follow-up mental health and functional impairment outcomes were collected between 14 and 25 years of age. At age 3 years, males and females in the hyperactive group had similarly raised levels of hyperactivity and other behavior problems. In adolescence/young adulthood, these individuals showed elevated symptoms of ADHD, conduct disorder, mood disorder, anxiety and autism, as well as functional impairment. Preschool hyperactivity was strongly predictive of poor adolescent/adult outcomes for males across domains with effects being specifically driven by hyperactivity. For females, the effects of preschool hyperactivity were smaller and dropped to non-significant levels when other preschool problems were taken into account. Environmental risk factors also differed between the sexes, although these may also have been mediated by genetic risk. In conclusion, these results demonstrate marked sex differences in preschool predictors of later adolescent/adult mental health problems. Future research should include a measure of preschool inattention as well hyperactivity. The findings highlight the potential value of tailored approaches to early identification strategies. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-14T19:19:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | nottingham-33653 |
| institution | University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus |
| institution_category | Local University |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-14T19:19:57Z |
| publishDate | 2017 |
| publisher | Springer |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | nottingham-336532020-05-04T18:29:07Z https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/33653/ Preschool hyperactivity specifically elevates long-term mental health risks more strongly in males than females: a prospective longitudinal study through to young adulthood Smith, Elizabeth Meyer, Brenda J. Koerting, Johanna Laver-Bradbury, Cathy Lee, Louise Jefferson, Harriet Sayal, Kapil Treglown, Luke Thompson, Margaret Sonuga-Barke, Edmund J.S. Evidence of continuities between preschool hyperactivity and adult mental health problems highlight the potential value of targeting early identification and intervention strategies. However, specific risk factors are currently unclear. This large-scale prospective longitudinal study aimed to identify which hyperactive preschoolers are at greatest long-term risk of poor mental health. One hundred and seventy children (89 females) rated as hyperactive by their parents and 88 non-hyperactive controls (48 females) were identified from a community sample of 4,215 3 year-olds. Baseline data relating to behavioral/emotional problems and background characteristics were collected. Follow-up mental health and functional impairment outcomes were collected between 14 and 25 years of age. At age 3 years, males and females in the hyperactive group had similarly raised levels of hyperactivity and other behavior problems. In adolescence/young adulthood, these individuals showed elevated symptoms of ADHD, conduct disorder, mood disorder, anxiety and autism, as well as functional impairment. Preschool hyperactivity was strongly predictive of poor adolescent/adult outcomes for males across domains with effects being specifically driven by hyperactivity. For females, the effects of preschool hyperactivity were smaller and dropped to non-significant levels when other preschool problems were taken into account. Environmental risk factors also differed between the sexes, although these may also have been mediated by genetic risk. In conclusion, these results demonstrate marked sex differences in preschool predictors of later adolescent/adult mental health problems. Future research should include a measure of preschool inattention as well hyperactivity. The findings highlight the potential value of tailored approaches to early identification strategies. Springer 2017-01-31 Article PeerReviewed Smith, Elizabeth, Meyer, Brenda J., Koerting, Johanna, Laver-Bradbury, Cathy, Lee, Louise, Jefferson, Harriet, Sayal, Kapil, Treglown, Luke, Thompson, Margaret and Sonuga-Barke, Edmund J.S. (2017) Preschool hyperactivity specifically elevates long-term mental health risks more strongly in males than females: a prospective longitudinal study through to young adulthood. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 26 (1). pp. 123-136. ISSN 1435-165X Preschool hyperactivity; long-term risk; mental health; longitudinal study http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00787-016-0876-8 doi:10.1007/s00787-016-0876-8 doi:10.1007/s00787-016-0876-8 |
| spellingShingle | Preschool hyperactivity; long-term risk; mental health; longitudinal study Smith, Elizabeth Meyer, Brenda J. Koerting, Johanna Laver-Bradbury, Cathy Lee, Louise Jefferson, Harriet Sayal, Kapil Treglown, Luke Thompson, Margaret Sonuga-Barke, Edmund J.S. Preschool hyperactivity specifically elevates long-term mental health risks more strongly in males than females: a prospective longitudinal study through to young adulthood |
| title | Preschool hyperactivity specifically elevates long-term mental health risks more strongly in males than females: a prospective longitudinal study through to young adulthood |
| title_full | Preschool hyperactivity specifically elevates long-term mental health risks more strongly in males than females: a prospective longitudinal study through to young adulthood |
| title_fullStr | Preschool hyperactivity specifically elevates long-term mental health risks more strongly in males than females: a prospective longitudinal study through to young adulthood |
| title_full_unstemmed | Preschool hyperactivity specifically elevates long-term mental health risks more strongly in males than females: a prospective longitudinal study through to young adulthood |
| title_short | Preschool hyperactivity specifically elevates long-term mental health risks more strongly in males than females: a prospective longitudinal study through to young adulthood |
| title_sort | preschool hyperactivity specifically elevates long-term mental health risks more strongly in males than females: a prospective longitudinal study through to young adulthood |
| topic | Preschool hyperactivity; long-term risk; mental health; longitudinal study |
| url | https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/33653/ https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/33653/ https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/33653/ |