Electrophysiological correlates of reinforcement learning in young people with Tourette syndrome with and without co-occurring ADHD symptoms
Altered reinforcement learning is implicated in the causes of Tourette syndrome (TS) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). TS and ADHD frequently co-occur but how this affects reinforcement learning has not been investigated. We examined the ability of young people with TS (n = 18), T...
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| Format: | Article |
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Elsevier
2016
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| Online Access: | https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/32883/ |
| _version_ | 1848794510201454592 |
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| author | Shephard, Elizabeth Jackson, Georgina M. Groom, Madeleine J. |
| author_facet | Shephard, Elizabeth Jackson, Georgina M. Groom, Madeleine J. |
| author_sort | Shephard, Elizabeth |
| building | Nottingham Research Data Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Altered reinforcement learning is implicated in the causes of Tourette syndrome (TS) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). TS and ADHD frequently co-occur but how this affects reinforcement learning has not been investigated. We examined the ability of young people with TS (n = 18), TS+ADHD (N = 17), ADHD (n = 13) and typically developing controls (n = 20) to learn and reverse stimulus-response (S-R) associations based on positive and negative reinforcement feedback. We used a 2 (TS-yes, TS-no) x 2 (ADHD-yes, ADHD-no) factorial design to assess the effects of TS, ADHD, and their interaction on behavioural (accuracy, RT) and event-related potential (stimulus-locked P3, feedback-locked P2, feedback-related negativity, FRN) indices of learning and reversing the S-R associations. TS was associated with intact learning and reversal performance and largely typical ERP amplitudes. ADHD was associated with lower accuracy during S-R learning and impaired reversal learning (significantly reduced accuracy and a trend for smaller P3 amplitude). The results indicate that co-occurring ADHD symptoms impair reversal learning in TS+ADHD. The implications of these findings for behavioural tic therapies are discussed. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-14T19:17:20Z |
| format | Article |
| id | nottingham-32883 |
| institution | University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus |
| institution_category | Local University |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-14T19:17:20Z |
| publishDate | 2016 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | nottingham-328832020-05-04T17:48:56Z https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/32883/ Electrophysiological correlates of reinforcement learning in young people with Tourette syndrome with and without co-occurring ADHD symptoms Shephard, Elizabeth Jackson, Georgina M. Groom, Madeleine J. Altered reinforcement learning is implicated in the causes of Tourette syndrome (TS) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). TS and ADHD frequently co-occur but how this affects reinforcement learning has not been investigated. We examined the ability of young people with TS (n = 18), TS+ADHD (N = 17), ADHD (n = 13) and typically developing controls (n = 20) to learn and reverse stimulus-response (S-R) associations based on positive and negative reinforcement feedback. We used a 2 (TS-yes, TS-no) x 2 (ADHD-yes, ADHD-no) factorial design to assess the effects of TS, ADHD, and their interaction on behavioural (accuracy, RT) and event-related potential (stimulus-locked P3, feedback-locked P2, feedback-related negativity, FRN) indices of learning and reversing the S-R associations. TS was associated with intact learning and reversal performance and largely typical ERP amplitudes. ADHD was associated with lower accuracy during S-R learning and impaired reversal learning (significantly reduced accuracy and a trend for smaller P3 amplitude). The results indicate that co-occurring ADHD symptoms impair reversal learning in TS+ADHD. The implications of these findings for behavioural tic therapies are discussed. Elsevier 2016-06-01 Article PeerReviewed Shephard, Elizabeth, Jackson, Georgina M. and Groom, Madeleine J. (2016) Electrophysiological correlates of reinforcement learning in young people with Tourette syndrome with and without co-occurring ADHD symptoms. International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience, 51 . pp. 17-27. ISSN 1873-474X Tourette syndrome; ADHD; Reinforcement learning; Comorditity; Event-related potentials; Electrophysiology http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0736574816301009 doi:10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2016.04.005 doi:10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2016.04.005 |
| spellingShingle | Tourette syndrome; ADHD; Reinforcement learning; Comorditity; Event-related potentials; Electrophysiology Shephard, Elizabeth Jackson, Georgina M. Groom, Madeleine J. Electrophysiological correlates of reinforcement learning in young people with Tourette syndrome with and without co-occurring ADHD symptoms |
| title | Electrophysiological correlates of reinforcement learning in young people with Tourette syndrome with and without co-occurring ADHD symptoms |
| title_full | Electrophysiological correlates of reinforcement learning in young people with Tourette syndrome with and without co-occurring ADHD symptoms |
| title_fullStr | Electrophysiological correlates of reinforcement learning in young people with Tourette syndrome with and without co-occurring ADHD symptoms |
| title_full_unstemmed | Electrophysiological correlates of reinforcement learning in young people with Tourette syndrome with and without co-occurring ADHD symptoms |
| title_short | Electrophysiological correlates of reinforcement learning in young people with Tourette syndrome with and without co-occurring ADHD symptoms |
| title_sort | electrophysiological correlates of reinforcement learning in young people with tourette syndrome with and without co-occurring adhd symptoms |
| topic | Tourette syndrome; ADHD; Reinforcement learning; Comorditity; Event-related potentials; Electrophysiology |
| url | https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/32883/ https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/32883/ https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/32883/ |