Intrinsic honesty and the prevalence of rule violations across societies
Deception is common in nature and humans are no exception. Modern societies have created institutions to control cheating, but many situations remain where only intrinsic honesty keeps people from cheating and violating rules. Psychological, sociological and economic theories suggest causal pathways...
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| Format: | Article |
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Nature Publishing Group
2016
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| Online Access: | https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/32492/ |
| _version_ | 1848794421444739072 |
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| author | Gaechter, Simon Schulz, Jonathan |
| author_facet | Gaechter, Simon Schulz, Jonathan |
| author_sort | Gaechter, Simon |
| building | Nottingham Research Data Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Deception is common in nature and humans are no exception. Modern societies have created institutions to control cheating, but many situations remain where only intrinsic honesty keeps people from cheating and violating rules. Psychological, sociological and economic theories suggest causal pathways to explain how the prevalence of rule violations in people’s social environment, such as corruption, tax evasion or political fraud, can compromise individual intrinsic honesty. Here we present cross-societal experiments from 23 countries around the world that demonstrate a robust link between the prevalence of rule violations and intrinsic honesty. We developed an index of the ‘prevalence of rule violations’ (PRV) based on country-level data from the year 2003 of corruption, tax evasion and fraudulent politics. We measured intrinsic honesty in an anonymous die-rolling experiment. We conducted the experiments with 2,568 young participants (students) who, due to their young age in 2003, could not have influenced PRV in 2003. We find individual intrinsic honesty is stronger in the subject pools of low PRV countries than those of high PRV countries. The details of lying patterns support psychological theories of honesty. The results are consistent with theories of the cultural co-evolution of institutions and values, and show that weak institutions and cultural legacies that generate rule violations not only have direct adverse economic consequences, but might also impair individual intrinsic honesty that is crucial for the smooth functioning of society. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-14T19:15:55Z |
| format | Article |
| id | nottingham-32492 |
| institution | University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus |
| institution_category | Local University |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-14T19:15:55Z |
| publishDate | 2016 |
| publisher | Nature Publishing Group |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | nottingham-324922020-05-04T17:40:40Z https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/32492/ Intrinsic honesty and the prevalence of rule violations across societies Gaechter, Simon Schulz, Jonathan Deception is common in nature and humans are no exception. Modern societies have created institutions to control cheating, but many situations remain where only intrinsic honesty keeps people from cheating and violating rules. Psychological, sociological and economic theories suggest causal pathways to explain how the prevalence of rule violations in people’s social environment, such as corruption, tax evasion or political fraud, can compromise individual intrinsic honesty. Here we present cross-societal experiments from 23 countries around the world that demonstrate a robust link between the prevalence of rule violations and intrinsic honesty. We developed an index of the ‘prevalence of rule violations’ (PRV) based on country-level data from the year 2003 of corruption, tax evasion and fraudulent politics. We measured intrinsic honesty in an anonymous die-rolling experiment. We conducted the experiments with 2,568 young participants (students) who, due to their young age in 2003, could not have influenced PRV in 2003. We find individual intrinsic honesty is stronger in the subject pools of low PRV countries than those of high PRV countries. The details of lying patterns support psychological theories of honesty. The results are consistent with theories of the cultural co-evolution of institutions and values, and show that weak institutions and cultural legacies that generate rule violations not only have direct adverse economic consequences, but might also impair individual intrinsic honesty that is crucial for the smooth functioning of society. Nature Publishing Group 2016-03-24 Article PeerReviewed Gaechter, Simon and Schulz, Jonathan (2016) Intrinsic honesty and the prevalence of rule violations across societies. Nature, 531 (7595). pp. 496-499. ISSN 1476-4687 Honesty Corruption Rule Violations Cross-cultural experiments http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v531/n7595/full/nature17160.html doi:10.1038/nature17160 doi:10.1038/nature17160 |
| spellingShingle | Honesty Corruption Rule Violations Cross-cultural experiments Gaechter, Simon Schulz, Jonathan Intrinsic honesty and the prevalence of rule violations across societies |
| title | Intrinsic honesty and the prevalence of rule violations across societies |
| title_full | Intrinsic honesty and the prevalence of rule violations across societies |
| title_fullStr | Intrinsic honesty and the prevalence of rule violations across societies |
| title_full_unstemmed | Intrinsic honesty and the prevalence of rule violations across societies |
| title_short | Intrinsic honesty and the prevalence of rule violations across societies |
| title_sort | intrinsic honesty and the prevalence of rule violations across societies |
| topic | Honesty Corruption Rule Violations Cross-cultural experiments |
| url | https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/32492/ https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/32492/ https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/32492/ |