Sociodemographic variables, clinical features, and the role of preassessment cross-sex hormones in older trans people

Introduction: As referrals to gender identity clinics have increased dramatically over the last few years, no studies focusing on older trans people seeking treatment are available. Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of older trans peopl...

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Main Authors: Bouman, Walter Pierre, Claes, Laurence, Marshall, Ellen, Pinner, Gill T., Longworth, Julia, Maddox, Victoria, Witcomb, Gemma, Jimenez-Murcia, Susana, Fernandez-Aranda, Fernando, Arcelus, Jon
Format: Article
Published: Elsevier 2016
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Online Access:https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/32068/
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author Bouman, Walter Pierre
Claes, Laurence
Marshall, Ellen
Pinner, Gill T.
Longworth, Julia
Maddox, Victoria
Witcomb, Gemma
Jimenez-Murcia, Susana
Fernandez-Aranda, Fernando
Arcelus, Jon
author_facet Bouman, Walter Pierre
Claes, Laurence
Marshall, Ellen
Pinner, Gill T.
Longworth, Julia
Maddox, Victoria
Witcomb, Gemma
Jimenez-Murcia, Susana
Fernandez-Aranda, Fernando
Arcelus, Jon
author_sort Bouman, Walter Pierre
building Nottingham Research Data Repository
collection Online Access
description Introduction: As referrals to gender identity clinics have increased dramatically over the last few years, no studies focusing on older trans people seeking treatment are available. Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of older trans people attending a national service and to investigate the influence of cross-sex hormones (CHT) on psychopathology. Methods: Individuals over the age of 50 years old referred to a national gender identity clinic during a 30-month period were invited to complete a battery of questionnaires to measure psychopathology and clinical characteristics. Individuals on cross-sex hormones prior to the assessment were compared with those not on treatment for different variables measuring psychopathology. Main Outcome Measures: Sociodemographic and clinical variables and measures of depression and anxiety (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale), self-esteem (Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale), victimization (Experiences of Transphobia Scale), social support (Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support), interpersonal functioning (Inventory of Interpersonal Problems), and nonsuicidal self-injury (Self-Injury Questionnaire). Results: The sex ratio of trans females aged 50 years and older compared to trans males was 23.7:1. Trans males were removed for the analysis due to their small number (n ¼ 3). Participants included 71 trans females over the age of 50, of whom the vast majority were white, employed or retired, and divorced and had children. Trans females on CHT who came out as trans and transitioned at an earlier age were significantly less anxious, reported higher levels of self-esteem, and presented with fewer socialization problems. When controlling for socialization problems, differences in levels of anxiety but not self-esteem remained. Conclusion: The use of cross-sex hormones prior to seeking treatment is widespread among older trans females and appears to be associated with psychological benefits. Existing barriers to access CHT for older trans people may need to be re-examined.
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spelling nottingham-320682020-05-04T17:36:27Z https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/32068/ Sociodemographic variables, clinical features, and the role of preassessment cross-sex hormones in older trans people Bouman, Walter Pierre Claes, Laurence Marshall, Ellen Pinner, Gill T. Longworth, Julia Maddox, Victoria Witcomb, Gemma Jimenez-Murcia, Susana Fernandez-Aranda, Fernando Arcelus, Jon Introduction: As referrals to gender identity clinics have increased dramatically over the last few years, no studies focusing on older trans people seeking treatment are available. Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of older trans people attending a national service and to investigate the influence of cross-sex hormones (CHT) on psychopathology. Methods: Individuals over the age of 50 years old referred to a national gender identity clinic during a 30-month period were invited to complete a battery of questionnaires to measure psychopathology and clinical characteristics. Individuals on cross-sex hormones prior to the assessment were compared with those not on treatment for different variables measuring psychopathology. Main Outcome Measures: Sociodemographic and clinical variables and measures of depression and anxiety (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale), self-esteem (Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale), victimization (Experiences of Transphobia Scale), social support (Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support), interpersonal functioning (Inventory of Interpersonal Problems), and nonsuicidal self-injury (Self-Injury Questionnaire). Results: The sex ratio of trans females aged 50 years and older compared to trans males was 23.7:1. Trans males were removed for the analysis due to their small number (n ¼ 3). Participants included 71 trans females over the age of 50, of whom the vast majority were white, employed or retired, and divorced and had children. Trans females on CHT who came out as trans and transitioned at an earlier age were significantly less anxious, reported higher levels of self-esteem, and presented with fewer socialization problems. When controlling for socialization problems, differences in levels of anxiety but not self-esteem remained. Conclusion: The use of cross-sex hormones prior to seeking treatment is widespread among older trans females and appears to be associated with psychological benefits. Existing barriers to access CHT for older trans people may need to be re-examined. Elsevier 2016-02-18 Article PeerReviewed Bouman, Walter Pierre, Claes, Laurence, Marshall, Ellen, Pinner, Gill T., Longworth, Julia, Maddox, Victoria, Witcomb, Gemma, Jimenez-Murcia, Susana, Fernandez-Aranda, Fernando and Arcelus, Jon (2016) Sociodemographic variables, clinical features, and the role of preassessment cross-sex hormones in older trans people. Journal of Sexual Medicine . ISSN 1743-6109 (In Press) Gender Dysphoria; Transsexualism; Aging; Midlife and Beyond; Mental Health; Hormone Treatment; Self-Esteem; Social Support http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1743609516000862 doi:10.1016/j.jsxm.2016.01.009 doi:10.1016/j.jsxm.2016.01.009
spellingShingle Gender Dysphoria; Transsexualism; Aging; Midlife and Beyond; Mental Health; Hormone Treatment; Self-Esteem; Social Support
Bouman, Walter Pierre
Claes, Laurence
Marshall, Ellen
Pinner, Gill T.
Longworth, Julia
Maddox, Victoria
Witcomb, Gemma
Jimenez-Murcia, Susana
Fernandez-Aranda, Fernando
Arcelus, Jon
Sociodemographic variables, clinical features, and the role of preassessment cross-sex hormones in older trans people
title Sociodemographic variables, clinical features, and the role of preassessment cross-sex hormones in older trans people
title_full Sociodemographic variables, clinical features, and the role of preassessment cross-sex hormones in older trans people
title_fullStr Sociodemographic variables, clinical features, and the role of preassessment cross-sex hormones in older trans people
title_full_unstemmed Sociodemographic variables, clinical features, and the role of preassessment cross-sex hormones in older trans people
title_short Sociodemographic variables, clinical features, and the role of preassessment cross-sex hormones in older trans people
title_sort sociodemographic variables, clinical features, and the role of preassessment cross-sex hormones in older trans people
topic Gender Dysphoria; Transsexualism; Aging; Midlife and Beyond; Mental Health; Hormone Treatment; Self-Esteem; Social Support
url https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/32068/
https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/32068/
https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/32068/