Sex ratios, virginity, and local resource enhancement in a quasisocial parasitoid

Sclerodermus harmandi (Buysson) (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) is an economically beneficial 2 species of parasitoid wasp that has an unusual level of sociality: groups of female foundresses 3 reproduce on a single host and exhibit cooperative post-ovipositional brood care. The 4 beneficial effects femal...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Kapranas, Apostolos, Hardy, Ian C.W., Tang, Xiuyun, Gardner, Andy, Li, Baoping
Format: Article
Published: Wiley 2016
Subjects:
Online Access:https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/31716/
_version_ 1848794259586547712
author Kapranas, Apostolos
Hardy, Ian C.W.
Tang, Xiuyun
Gardner, Andy
Li, Baoping
author_facet Kapranas, Apostolos
Hardy, Ian C.W.
Tang, Xiuyun
Gardner, Andy
Li, Baoping
author_sort Kapranas, Apostolos
building Nottingham Research Data Repository
collection Online Access
description Sclerodermus harmandi (Buysson) (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) is an economically beneficial 2 species of parasitoid wasp that has an unusual level of sociality: groups of female foundresses 3 reproduce on a single host and exhibit cooperative post-ovipositional brood care. The 4 beneficial effects females have on each other’s reproductive success provide, via the theory 5 of local resource enhancement (LRE), an explanation for their female-biased progeny sex 6 ratios, which is part of the same framework for understanding sex-ratio evolution as the more 7 often invoked theory of local mate competition (LMC). Here we show that S. harmandi sex 8 ratios are over-dispersed, with high variance largely attributable to the common occurrence 9 (60%) of developmental mortality. Developmental mortality is also positively associated with 10 the proportion of broods which contain only females at emergence (virgin broods). Virginity 11 is more common when broods are produced by fewer foundresses. Virginity is expected to be 12 disadvantageous under LRE, as it is under LMC, but theory for LRE is less extensively 13 developed. We suggest approaches for the development of LRE theory, in particular using 14 models of ‘population elasticity’ in which the intensity of kin competition is reduced because 15 extra resources are available to local populations that are more cooperative. For S. harmandi, 16 such extra resources may include large hosts that can only be successfully utilized if multiple 17 foundresses cooperate.
first_indexed 2025-11-14T19:13:21Z
format Article
id nottingham-31716
institution University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus
institution_category Local University
last_indexed 2025-11-14T19:13:21Z
publishDate 2016
publisher Wiley
recordtype eprints
repository_type Digital Repository
spelling nottingham-317162020-05-04T20:02:44Z https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/31716/ Sex ratios, virginity, and local resource enhancement in a quasisocial parasitoid Kapranas, Apostolos Hardy, Ian C.W. Tang, Xiuyun Gardner, Andy Li, Baoping Sclerodermus harmandi (Buysson) (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) is an economically beneficial 2 species of parasitoid wasp that has an unusual level of sociality: groups of female foundresses 3 reproduce on a single host and exhibit cooperative post-ovipositional brood care. The 4 beneficial effects females have on each other’s reproductive success provide, via the theory 5 of local resource enhancement (LRE), an explanation for their female-biased progeny sex 6 ratios, which is part of the same framework for understanding sex-ratio evolution as the more 7 often invoked theory of local mate competition (LMC). Here we show that S. harmandi sex 8 ratios are over-dispersed, with high variance largely attributable to the common occurrence 9 (60%) of developmental mortality. Developmental mortality is also positively associated with 10 the proportion of broods which contain only females at emergence (virgin broods). Virginity 11 is more common when broods are produced by fewer foundresses. Virginity is expected to be 12 disadvantageous under LRE, as it is under LMC, but theory for LRE is less extensively 13 developed. We suggest approaches for the development of LRE theory, in particular using 14 models of ‘population elasticity’ in which the intensity of kin competition is reduced because 15 extra resources are available to local populations that are more cooperative. For S. harmandi, 16 such extra resources may include large hosts that can only be successfully utilized if multiple 17 foundresses cooperate. Wiley 2016-05 Article PeerReviewed Kapranas, Apostolos, Hardy, Ian C.W., Tang, Xiuyun, Gardner, Andy and Li, Baoping (2016) Sex ratios, virginity, and local resource enhancement in a quasisocial parasitoid. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 159 (2). pp. 243-251. ISSN 1570-7458 Sclerodermus harmandi Bethylidae LRE LMC developmental mortality all-female broods Hymenopter http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/eea.12418/abstract doi:10.1111/eea.12418 doi:10.1111/eea.12418
spellingShingle Sclerodermus harmandi
Bethylidae
LRE
LMC
developmental mortality
all-female broods
Hymenopter
Kapranas, Apostolos
Hardy, Ian C.W.
Tang, Xiuyun
Gardner, Andy
Li, Baoping
Sex ratios, virginity, and local resource enhancement in a quasisocial parasitoid
title Sex ratios, virginity, and local resource enhancement in a quasisocial parasitoid
title_full Sex ratios, virginity, and local resource enhancement in a quasisocial parasitoid
title_fullStr Sex ratios, virginity, and local resource enhancement in a quasisocial parasitoid
title_full_unstemmed Sex ratios, virginity, and local resource enhancement in a quasisocial parasitoid
title_short Sex ratios, virginity, and local resource enhancement in a quasisocial parasitoid
title_sort sex ratios, virginity, and local resource enhancement in a quasisocial parasitoid
topic Sclerodermus harmandi
Bethylidae
LRE
LMC
developmental mortality
all-female broods
Hymenopter
url https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/31716/
https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/31716/
https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/31716/