Eye movements in strategic choice
In risky and other multiattribute choices, the process of choosing is well described by random walk or drift diffusion models in which evidence is accumulated over time to threshold. In strategic choices, level-k and cognitive hierarchy models have been offered as accounts of the choice process, in...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Published: |
Wiley
2016
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/31235/ |
| _version_ | 1848794156462243840 |
|---|---|
| author | Stewart, Neil Gaechter, Simon Noguchi, Takao Mullett, Timothy L. |
| author_facet | Stewart, Neil Gaechter, Simon Noguchi, Takao Mullett, Timothy L. |
| author_sort | Stewart, Neil |
| building | Nottingham Research Data Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | In risky and other multiattribute choices, the process of choosing is well described by random walk or drift diffusion models in which evidence is accumulated over time to threshold. In strategic choices, level-k and cognitive hierarchy models have been offered as accounts of the choice process, in which people simulate the choice processes of their opponents or partners. We recorded the eye movements in 2 × 2 symmetric games including dominance-solvable games like prisoner's dilemma and asymmetric coordination games like stag hunt and hawk–dove. The evidence was most consistent with the accumulation of payoff differences over time: we found longer duration choices with more fixations when payoffs differences were more finely balanced, an emerging bias to gaze more at the payoffs for the action ultimately chosen, and that a simple count of transitions between payoffs—whether or not the comparison is strategically informative—was strongly associated with the final choice. The accumulator models do account for these strategic choice process measures, but the level-k and cognitive hierarchy models do not. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-14T19:11:43Z |
| format | Article |
| id | nottingham-31235 |
| institution | University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus |
| institution_category | Local University |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-14T19:11:43Z |
| publishDate | 2016 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | nottingham-312352020-05-04T17:40:07Z https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/31235/ Eye movements in strategic choice Stewart, Neil Gaechter, Simon Noguchi, Takao Mullett, Timothy L. In risky and other multiattribute choices, the process of choosing is well described by random walk or drift diffusion models in which evidence is accumulated over time to threshold. In strategic choices, level-k and cognitive hierarchy models have been offered as accounts of the choice process, in which people simulate the choice processes of their opponents or partners. We recorded the eye movements in 2 × 2 symmetric games including dominance-solvable games like prisoner's dilemma and asymmetric coordination games like stag hunt and hawk–dove. The evidence was most consistent with the accumulation of payoff differences over time: we found longer duration choices with more fixations when payoffs differences were more finely balanced, an emerging bias to gaze more at the payoffs for the action ultimately chosen, and that a simple count of transitions between payoffs—whether or not the comparison is strategically informative—was strongly associated with the final choice. The accumulator models do account for these strategic choice process measures, but the level-k and cognitive hierarchy models do not. Wiley 2016-03-28 Article PeerReviewed Stewart, Neil, Gaechter, Simon, Noguchi, Takao and Mullett, Timothy L. (2016) Eye movements in strategic choice. Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, 29 (2-3). pp. 137-156. ISSN 1099-0771 eye tracking process tracing experimental games normal-form games prisoner's dilemma stag hunt hawk–dove level-k cognitive hierarchy drift diffusion accumulator models gaze cascade effect gaze bias effect http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/bdm.1901/abstract doi:10.1002/bdm.1901 doi:10.1002/bdm.1901 |
| spellingShingle | eye tracking process tracing experimental games normal-form games prisoner's dilemma stag hunt hawk–dove level-k cognitive hierarchy drift diffusion accumulator models gaze cascade effect gaze bias effect Stewart, Neil Gaechter, Simon Noguchi, Takao Mullett, Timothy L. Eye movements in strategic choice |
| title | Eye movements in strategic choice |
| title_full | Eye movements in strategic choice |
| title_fullStr | Eye movements in strategic choice |
| title_full_unstemmed | Eye movements in strategic choice |
| title_short | Eye movements in strategic choice |
| title_sort | eye movements in strategic choice |
| topic | eye tracking process tracing experimental games normal-form games prisoner's dilemma stag hunt hawk–dove level-k cognitive hierarchy drift diffusion accumulator models gaze cascade effect gaze bias effect |
| url | https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/31235/ https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/31235/ https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/31235/ |