Effects of various food ingredients on gall bladder emptying
Background/objectives: The emptying of the gall bladder in response to feeding is pivotal for the digestion of fat, but the role of various food ingredients in contracting the gall bladder postprandially is not well understood. We hypothesized that different food ingredients, when consumed, will hav...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
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Nature Publishing Group
2013
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| Online Access: | https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/3114/ |
| _version_ | 1848790957306150912 |
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| author | Marciani, Luca Cox, Eleanor Hoad, Caroline Totman, John J. Costigan, C. Singh, Gulzar Shepherd, V. Chalkley, L. Robinson, M. Ison, R. Gowland, Penny A. Spiller, Robin C. |
| author_facet | Marciani, Luca Cox, Eleanor Hoad, Caroline Totman, John J. Costigan, C. Singh, Gulzar Shepherd, V. Chalkley, L. Robinson, M. Ison, R. Gowland, Penny A. Spiller, Robin C. |
| author_sort | Marciani, Luca |
| building | Nottingham Research Data Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Background/objectives: The emptying of the gall bladder in response to feeding is pivotal for the digestion of fat, but the role of various food ingredients in contracting the gall bladder postprandially is not well understood. We hypothesized that different food ingredients, when consumed, will have a different effect on stimulating gall bladder emptying. To investigate this we designed two randomized, investigator-blind, cross-over studies in healthy subjects using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to measure gall bladder volumes serially and non-invasively.
Subjects/methods: Study 1: exploratory study evaluating the effects of 10 different food ingredients on gall bladder emptying in eight healthy subjects. The choice of ingredients varied from common items like coffee, tea and milk to actives like curcumin and potato protease inhibitor. Study 2: mechanistic study investigating the cholecystokinin (CCK) dose response to the best performer ingredient from Study 1 in 21 healthy subjects four ways.
Results: The largest gall bladder volume change in Study 1 was observed with fat, which therefore became the dose-response ingredient in Study 2, where the maximum % gall bladder volume change correlated well with CCK.
Conclusions: These serial test-retest studies showed that the fasted gall bladder volume varied remarkably between individuals and that individual day-to-day variability had wide coefficients of variation. Improved knowledge of how to stimulate bile release using food ingredients will be useful to improve in vitro–in vivo correlation of bioavailability testing of hydrophobic drugs. It could improve performance of cholesterol-lowering plant stanol and sterol products and possibly aid understanding of some cholesterol gallstone disease. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-14T18:20:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | nottingham-3114 |
| institution | University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus |
| institution_category | Local University |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-14T18:20:52Z |
| publishDate | 2013 |
| publisher | Nature Publishing Group |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | nottingham-31142020-05-04T20:20:34Z https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/3114/ Effects of various food ingredients on gall bladder emptying Marciani, Luca Cox, Eleanor Hoad, Caroline Totman, John J. Costigan, C. Singh, Gulzar Shepherd, V. Chalkley, L. Robinson, M. Ison, R. Gowland, Penny A. Spiller, Robin C. Background/objectives: The emptying of the gall bladder in response to feeding is pivotal for the digestion of fat, but the role of various food ingredients in contracting the gall bladder postprandially is not well understood. We hypothesized that different food ingredients, when consumed, will have a different effect on stimulating gall bladder emptying. To investigate this we designed two randomized, investigator-blind, cross-over studies in healthy subjects using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to measure gall bladder volumes serially and non-invasively. Subjects/methods: Study 1: exploratory study evaluating the effects of 10 different food ingredients on gall bladder emptying in eight healthy subjects. The choice of ingredients varied from common items like coffee, tea and milk to actives like curcumin and potato protease inhibitor. Study 2: mechanistic study investigating the cholecystokinin (CCK) dose response to the best performer ingredient from Study 1 in 21 healthy subjects four ways. Results: The largest gall bladder volume change in Study 1 was observed with fat, which therefore became the dose-response ingredient in Study 2, where the maximum % gall bladder volume change correlated well with CCK. Conclusions: These serial test-retest studies showed that the fasted gall bladder volume varied remarkably between individuals and that individual day-to-day variability had wide coefficients of variation. Improved knowledge of how to stimulate bile release using food ingredients will be useful to improve in vitro–in vivo correlation of bioavailability testing of hydrophobic drugs. It could improve performance of cholesterol-lowering plant stanol and sterol products and possibly aid understanding of some cholesterol gallstone disease. Nature Publishing Group 2013 Article PeerReviewed Marciani, Luca, Cox, Eleanor, Hoad, Caroline, Totman, John J., Costigan, C., Singh, Gulzar, Shepherd, V., Chalkley, L., Robinson, M., Ison, R., Gowland, Penny A. and Spiller, Robin C. (2013) Effects of various food ingredients on gall bladder emptying. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 67 (11). pp. 1182-1187. ISSN 0954-3007 http://www.nature.com/ejcn/journal/v67/n11/full/ejcn2013168a.html doi:10.1038/ejcn.2013.168 doi:10.1038/ejcn.2013.168 |
| spellingShingle | Marciani, Luca Cox, Eleanor Hoad, Caroline Totman, John J. Costigan, C. Singh, Gulzar Shepherd, V. Chalkley, L. Robinson, M. Ison, R. Gowland, Penny A. Spiller, Robin C. Effects of various food ingredients on gall bladder emptying |
| title | Effects of various food ingredients on gall bladder emptying |
| title_full | Effects of various food ingredients on gall bladder emptying |
| title_fullStr | Effects of various food ingredients on gall bladder emptying |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of various food ingredients on gall bladder emptying |
| title_short | Effects of various food ingredients on gall bladder emptying |
| title_sort | effects of various food ingredients on gall bladder emptying |
| url | https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/3114/ https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/3114/ https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/3114/ |