Comparative molecular characterisation of adipose tissue

Adiposity is linked to reproductive efficiency as adipose tissue (AT) is known to influence the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, although the exact roles of AT remain poorly understood. Different cattle and pig breeds exhibit different adiposity and reproductive characteristics. The hypothesis i...

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Main Author: Choong, Siew Shean
Format: Thesis (University of Nottingham only)
Language:English
Published: 2016
Subjects:
Online Access:https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/31004/
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author Choong, Siew Shean
author_facet Choong, Siew Shean
author_sort Choong, Siew Shean
building Nottingham Research Data Repository
collection Online Access
description Adiposity is linked to reproductive efficiency as adipose tissue (AT) is known to influence the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, although the exact roles of AT remain poorly understood. Different cattle and pig breeds exhibit different adiposity and reproductive characteristics. The hypothesis is that differences in adiposity underpin the phenotypic differences in reproductive performance in these animals. To test this hypothesis, next generation RNA sequencing analysis was completed of AT from (i) cattle (Holstein, Hereford and Aberdeen Angus cross breeds enrolled in a dietary protein feed trial), (ii) European Large White and Asian Meishan pigs and (iii) African elephants. Differentially expressed genes (DEG) were determined in each species and validation completed utilising quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR). Results revealed significant DEG involved in adipogenesis and lipogenesis between (i) breeds, (ii) resulting from the dietary protein intervention and (iii) sexes and age groups. Fatty acid (FA) composition of AT from different cattle breeds and dietary protein levels was determined using gas chromatography and compared, although significant difference was not observed. Gene networks related to vitamins A and D suggest potential nutritional influences on adipogenesis and lipogenesis, consequently vitamin levels in feed may impact adiposity and thereby animal reproductive performance. Results from the elephants indicated disparity in energy storage and utilisation between sexes and age groups, thus this can provide baseline information to improve captive population management of these animals in different life stages. By exploiting comparative inferences from previous human and animal studies to the results obtained from this study, a positive influence of adiposity on fertility was identified. Future work should verify whether differential mRNA expression of genes of interest identified are reflected in protein expression. Also additional studies into the FA profiles of other biologically relevant tissues are warranted to enable comparison of FA uptake and usage between AT and other tissues.
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spelling nottingham-310042025-02-28T13:22:19Z https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/31004/ Comparative molecular characterisation of adipose tissue Choong, Siew Shean Adiposity is linked to reproductive efficiency as adipose tissue (AT) is known to influence the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, although the exact roles of AT remain poorly understood. Different cattle and pig breeds exhibit different adiposity and reproductive characteristics. The hypothesis is that differences in adiposity underpin the phenotypic differences in reproductive performance in these animals. To test this hypothesis, next generation RNA sequencing analysis was completed of AT from (i) cattle (Holstein, Hereford and Aberdeen Angus cross breeds enrolled in a dietary protein feed trial), (ii) European Large White and Asian Meishan pigs and (iii) African elephants. Differentially expressed genes (DEG) were determined in each species and validation completed utilising quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR). Results revealed significant DEG involved in adipogenesis and lipogenesis between (i) breeds, (ii) resulting from the dietary protein intervention and (iii) sexes and age groups. Fatty acid (FA) composition of AT from different cattle breeds and dietary protein levels was determined using gas chromatography and compared, although significant difference was not observed. Gene networks related to vitamins A and D suggest potential nutritional influences on adipogenesis and lipogenesis, consequently vitamin levels in feed may impact adiposity and thereby animal reproductive performance. Results from the elephants indicated disparity in energy storage and utilisation between sexes and age groups, thus this can provide baseline information to improve captive population management of these animals in different life stages. By exploiting comparative inferences from previous human and animal studies to the results obtained from this study, a positive influence of adiposity on fertility was identified. Future work should verify whether differential mRNA expression of genes of interest identified are reflected in protein expression. Also additional studies into the FA profiles of other biologically relevant tissues are warranted to enable comparison of FA uptake and usage between AT and other tissues. 2016-03-15 Thesis (University of Nottingham only) NonPeerReviewed application/pdf en arr https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/31004/7/comparative%20molecular%20characterisation%20of%20adipose%20tissue_CSS_final.pdf Choong, Siew Shean (2016) Comparative molecular characterisation of adipose tissue. PhD thesis, University of Nottingham. Transcriptome mRNA expression metabolism energy expenditure fatty acid profile cattle pigs African elephants Holstein Hereford Large White Meishan cross species comparison.
spellingShingle Transcriptome
mRNA expression
metabolism
energy expenditure
fatty acid profile
cattle
pigs
African elephants
Holstein
Hereford
Large White
Meishan
cross species comparison.
Choong, Siew Shean
Comparative molecular characterisation of adipose tissue
title Comparative molecular characterisation of adipose tissue
title_full Comparative molecular characterisation of adipose tissue
title_fullStr Comparative molecular characterisation of adipose tissue
title_full_unstemmed Comparative molecular characterisation of adipose tissue
title_short Comparative molecular characterisation of adipose tissue
title_sort comparative molecular characterisation of adipose tissue
topic Transcriptome
mRNA expression
metabolism
energy expenditure
fatty acid profile
cattle
pigs
African elephants
Holstein
Hereford
Large White
Meishan
cross species comparison.
url https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/31004/