Dyarchy: democracy, autocracy and the scalar sovereignty of interwar India

The 1919 Government of India Act instituted sweeping constitutional reforms that were inspired by the concept of “dyarchy”. This innovation in constitutional history devolved powers to the provinces and then divided these roles of government into reserved and transferred subjects, the latter of whic...

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Main Author: Legg, Stephen
Format: Article
Published: Duke University Press 2016
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Online Access:https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/28973/
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author Legg, Stephen
author_facet Legg, Stephen
author_sort Legg, Stephen
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description The 1919 Government of India Act instituted sweeping constitutional reforms that were inspired by the concept of “dyarchy”. This innovation in constitutional history devolved powers to the provinces and then divided these roles of government into reserved and transferred subjects, the latter of which would be administered by elected Indian ministers. Recent scholarship has been reassessing the local biopolitical potential unleashed by the 1919 Act. In this paper I revisit dyarchy at the national scale to show how this “All-India” re-visioning of Indian sovereignty was actually negotiated in relation to its imperial and international outsides and the exigencies of retaining governmental control inside the provinces. This paper will propose a constitutional historical geography of dyarchy, focusing on three scales and the forms of comparison they allow. First, Lionel Curtis’s political geometries and the international genealogies of his federalist aspirations are explored. Secondly, the partially democratic level of the province is shown to have been rigorously penetrated by, and categorically subordinated to, the central tier of colonial autocracy, which orchestrated a political geography of exclusion and exception. Finally, rival conceptions of time and sequentiality will be used to examine the basis for nationalist criticisms and exploitations of dyarchy’s reconfigurations of democracy, biopolitics, and the vital mass of the people.
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spelling nottingham-289732020-05-04T17:43:44Z https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/28973/ Dyarchy: democracy, autocracy and the scalar sovereignty of interwar India Legg, Stephen The 1919 Government of India Act instituted sweeping constitutional reforms that were inspired by the concept of “dyarchy”. This innovation in constitutional history devolved powers to the provinces and then divided these roles of government into reserved and transferred subjects, the latter of which would be administered by elected Indian ministers. Recent scholarship has been reassessing the local biopolitical potential unleashed by the 1919 Act. In this paper I revisit dyarchy at the national scale to show how this “All-India” re-visioning of Indian sovereignty was actually negotiated in relation to its imperial and international outsides and the exigencies of retaining governmental control inside the provinces. This paper will propose a constitutional historical geography of dyarchy, focusing on three scales and the forms of comparison they allow. First, Lionel Curtis’s political geometries and the international genealogies of his federalist aspirations are explored. Secondly, the partially democratic level of the province is shown to have been rigorously penetrated by, and categorically subordinated to, the central tier of colonial autocracy, which orchestrated a political geography of exclusion and exception. Finally, rival conceptions of time and sequentiality will be used to examine the basis for nationalist criticisms and exploitations of dyarchy’s reconfigurations of democracy, biopolitics, and the vital mass of the people. Duke University Press 2016-05-01 Article PeerReviewed Legg, Stephen (2016) Dyarchy: democracy, autocracy and the scalar sovereignty of interwar India. Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East, 36 (1). pp. 44-65. ISSN 1089-201X Dyarchy Interwar India Scale Governmentality Constitution http://muse.jhu.edu/article/615051 doi:10.1215/1089201x-3482111 doi:10.1215/1089201x-3482111
spellingShingle Dyarchy
Interwar India
Scale
Governmentality
Constitution
Legg, Stephen
Dyarchy: democracy, autocracy and the scalar sovereignty of interwar India
title Dyarchy: democracy, autocracy and the scalar sovereignty of interwar India
title_full Dyarchy: democracy, autocracy and the scalar sovereignty of interwar India
title_fullStr Dyarchy: democracy, autocracy and the scalar sovereignty of interwar India
title_full_unstemmed Dyarchy: democracy, autocracy and the scalar sovereignty of interwar India
title_short Dyarchy: democracy, autocracy and the scalar sovereignty of interwar India
title_sort dyarchy: democracy, autocracy and the scalar sovereignty of interwar india
topic Dyarchy
Interwar India
Scale
Governmentality
Constitution
url https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/28973/
https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/28973/
https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/28973/