Neural primacy of the salience processing system in schizophrenia

For effective information processing, two large-scale distributed neural networks appear to be critical: a multimodal executive system anchored on the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and a salience system anchored on the anterior insula. Aberrant interaction among distributed networks is a fe...

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Main Authors: Palaniyappan, Lena, Simmonite, M., White, T.P., Liddle, E.B., Liddle, P.F.
Format: Article
Published: Elsevier 2013
Online Access:https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/2826/
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author Palaniyappan, Lena
Simmonite, M.
White, T.P.
Liddle, E.B.
Liddle, P.F.
author_facet Palaniyappan, Lena
Simmonite, M.
White, T.P.
Liddle, E.B.
Liddle, P.F.
author_sort Palaniyappan, Lena
building Nottingham Research Data Repository
collection Online Access
description For effective information processing, two large-scale distributed neural networks appear to be critical: a multimodal executive system anchored on the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and a salience system anchored on the anterior insula. Aberrant interaction among distributed networks is a feature of psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia. We used whole-brain Granger causal modeling using resting fMRI and observed a significant failure of both the feedforward and reciprocal influence between the insula and the DLPFC in schizophrenia. Further, a significant failure of directed influence from bilateral visual cortices to the insula was also seen in patients. These findings provide compelling evidence for a breakdown of the salience-execution loop in the clinical expression of psychosis. In addition, this offers a parsimonious explanation for the often-observed “frontal inefficiency,” the failure to recruit prefrontal system when salient or novel information becomes available in patients with schizophrenia.
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spelling nottingham-28262020-05-04T16:38:23Z https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/2826/ Neural primacy of the salience processing system in schizophrenia Palaniyappan, Lena Simmonite, M. White, T.P. Liddle, E.B. Liddle, P.F. For effective information processing, two large-scale distributed neural networks appear to be critical: a multimodal executive system anchored on the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and a salience system anchored on the anterior insula. Aberrant interaction among distributed networks is a feature of psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia. We used whole-brain Granger causal modeling using resting fMRI and observed a significant failure of both the feedforward and reciprocal influence between the insula and the DLPFC in schizophrenia. Further, a significant failure of directed influence from bilateral visual cortices to the insula was also seen in patients. These findings provide compelling evidence for a breakdown of the salience-execution loop in the clinical expression of psychosis. In addition, this offers a parsimonious explanation for the often-observed “frontal inefficiency,” the failure to recruit prefrontal system when salient or novel information becomes available in patients with schizophrenia. Elsevier 2013-08-21 Article PeerReviewed Palaniyappan, Lena, Simmonite, M., White, T.P., Liddle, E.B. and Liddle, P.F. (2013) Neural primacy of the salience processing system in schizophrenia. Neuron, 79 (4). pp. 814-828. ISSN 0896-6273 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0896627313005436# doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2013.06.027 doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2013.06.027
spellingShingle Palaniyappan, Lena
Simmonite, M.
White, T.P.
Liddle, E.B.
Liddle, P.F.
Neural primacy of the salience processing system in schizophrenia
title Neural primacy of the salience processing system in schizophrenia
title_full Neural primacy of the salience processing system in schizophrenia
title_fullStr Neural primacy of the salience processing system in schizophrenia
title_full_unstemmed Neural primacy of the salience processing system in schizophrenia
title_short Neural primacy of the salience processing system in schizophrenia
title_sort neural primacy of the salience processing system in schizophrenia
url https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/2826/
https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/2826/
https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/2826/