Comparative safety of artemether-lumefantrine and other artemisinin-based combinations in children: a systematic review

Background The purpose of the study was to compare the safety of artemether-lumefantrine (AL) with other artemisinin-based combinations in children. Methods A search of EMBASE (from 1974 to April 2013), MEDLINE (from 1946 to April 2013) and the Cochrane library of registered controlled trials...

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Main Authors: Egunsola, Oluwaseun, Oshikoya, Kazeem A.
Format: Article
Published: BioMed Central 2013
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Online Access:https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/2811/
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author Egunsola, Oluwaseun
Oshikoya, Kazeem A.
author_facet Egunsola, Oluwaseun
Oshikoya, Kazeem A.
author_sort Egunsola, Oluwaseun
building Nottingham Research Data Repository
collection Online Access
description Background The purpose of the study was to compare the safety of artemether-lumefantrine (AL) with other artemisinin-based combinations in children. Methods A search of EMBASE (from 1974 to April 2013), MEDLINE (from 1946 to April 2013) and the Cochrane library of registered controlled trials for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) which compared AL with other artemisinin-based combinations was done. Only studies involving children ≤ 17 years old in which safety of AL was an outcome measure were included. Results Four thousand, seven hundred and twenty six adverse events (AEs) were recorded in 6,000 patients receiving AL. Common AEs (≥1/100 and <1/10) included: coryza, vomiting, anaemia, diarrhoea, vomiting and abdominal pain; while cough was the only very commonly reported AE (≥1/10). AL-treated children have a higher risk of body weakness (64.9%) than those on artesunate-mefloquine (58.2%) (p = 0.004, RR: 1.12 95% CI: 1.04-1.21). The risk of vomiting was significantly lower in patients on AL (8.8%) than artesunate-amodiaquine (10.6%) (p = 0.002, RR: 0.76, 95% CI: 0.63-0.90). Similarly, children on AL had a lower risk of vomiting (1.2%) than chlorproguanil-dapsone-artesunate (ACD) treated children (5.2%) (p = 0.002, RR: 0.63, 95% CI: 0.47-0.85). The risk of serious adverse events was significantly lower for AL (1.3%) than ACD (5.2%) (p = 0.002, RR: 0.45, 95% CI: 0.27-0.74). Conclusion Artemether-lumefantrine combination is as safe as ASAQ and DP for use in children. Common adverse events are cough and gastrointestinal symptoms. More studies comparing AL with artesunate-mefloquine and artesunate-azithromycin are needed to determine the comparative safety of these drugs.
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spelling nottingham-28112024-08-15T15:14:29Z https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/2811/ Comparative safety of artemether-lumefantrine and other artemisinin-based combinations in children: a systematic review Egunsola, Oluwaseun Oshikoya, Kazeem A. Background The purpose of the study was to compare the safety of artemether-lumefantrine (AL) with other artemisinin-based combinations in children. Methods A search of EMBASE (from 1974 to April 2013), MEDLINE (from 1946 to April 2013) and the Cochrane library of registered controlled trials for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) which compared AL with other artemisinin-based combinations was done. Only studies involving children ≤ 17 years old in which safety of AL was an outcome measure were included. Results Four thousand, seven hundred and twenty six adverse events (AEs) were recorded in 6,000 patients receiving AL. Common AEs (≥1/100 and <1/10) included: coryza, vomiting, anaemia, diarrhoea, vomiting and abdominal pain; while cough was the only very commonly reported AE (≥1/10). AL-treated children have a higher risk of body weakness (64.9%) than those on artesunate-mefloquine (58.2%) (p = 0.004, RR: 1.12 95% CI: 1.04-1.21). The risk of vomiting was significantly lower in patients on AL (8.8%) than artesunate-amodiaquine (10.6%) (p = 0.002, RR: 0.76, 95% CI: 0.63-0.90). Similarly, children on AL had a lower risk of vomiting (1.2%) than chlorproguanil-dapsone-artesunate (ACD) treated children (5.2%) (p = 0.002, RR: 0.63, 95% CI: 0.47-0.85). The risk of serious adverse events was significantly lower for AL (1.3%) than ACD (5.2%) (p = 0.002, RR: 0.45, 95% CI: 0.27-0.74). Conclusion Artemether-lumefantrine combination is as safe as ASAQ and DP for use in children. Common adverse events are cough and gastrointestinal symptoms. More studies comparing AL with artesunate-mefloquine and artesunate-azithromycin are needed to determine the comparative safety of these drugs. BioMed Central 2013-11-01 Article PeerReviewed Egunsola, Oluwaseun and Oshikoya, Kazeem A. (2013) Comparative safety of artemether-lumefantrine and other artemisinin-based combinations in children: a systematic review. Malaria Journal, 12 (Novemb). 8/1-8/8. ISSN 1475-2875 Artemether-lumefantrine Adverse event Paediatrics Children Safety http://www.malariajournal.com/content/12/1/385 doi:10.1186/1475-2875-12-385 doi:10.1186/1475-2875-12-385
spellingShingle Artemether-lumefantrine
Adverse event
Paediatrics
Children
Safety
Egunsola, Oluwaseun
Oshikoya, Kazeem A.
Comparative safety of artemether-lumefantrine and other artemisinin-based combinations in children: a systematic review
title Comparative safety of artemether-lumefantrine and other artemisinin-based combinations in children: a systematic review
title_full Comparative safety of artemether-lumefantrine and other artemisinin-based combinations in children: a systematic review
title_fullStr Comparative safety of artemether-lumefantrine and other artemisinin-based combinations in children: a systematic review
title_full_unstemmed Comparative safety of artemether-lumefantrine and other artemisinin-based combinations in children: a systematic review
title_short Comparative safety of artemether-lumefantrine and other artemisinin-based combinations in children: a systematic review
title_sort comparative safety of artemether-lumefantrine and other artemisinin-based combinations in children: a systematic review
topic Artemether-lumefantrine
Adverse event
Paediatrics
Children
Safety
url https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/2811/
https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/2811/
https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/2811/