Second hand smoke exposure and the risk of invasive meningococcal disease in children: systematic review and meta-analysis
Background Invasive meningococcal disease remains an important cause of serious morbidity and mortality in children and young people. There is a growing body of literature to suggest that exposure to passive smoke may play a role in the development of the disease, therefore we have performed a sy...
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| Format: | Article |
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BioMed Central
2012
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| Online Access: | https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/2475/ |
| _version_ | 1848790794985537536 |
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| author | Murray, Rachael L. Britton, John Leonardi-Bee, Jo |
| author_facet | Murray, Rachael L. Britton, John Leonardi-Bee, Jo |
| author_sort | Murray, Rachael L. |
| building | Nottingham Research Data Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Background
Invasive meningococcal disease remains an important cause of serious morbidity and mortality in children and young people. There is a growing body of literature to suggest that exposure to passive smoke may play a role in the development of the disease, therefore we have performed a systematic review to provide a comprehensive estimate of the magnitude of this effect for smoking by any household member, by individual family members, and of maternal smoking before and after birth.
Methods
Four databases (Medline, Embase, PsychINFO and CAB Abstracts database) were searched to identify studies (to June 2012) and reference lists scanned for further studies. Titles, abstracts and full texts were checked for eligibility independently by two authors. Quality of included studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Pooled odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using random effect models, with heterogeneity quantified using I2.
Results
We identified 18 studies which assessed the effects of SHS on the risk of invasive meningococcal disease in children. SHS in the home doubled the risk of invasive meningococcal disease (OR 2.18, 95% CI 1.63 to 2.92, I2 = 72%), with some evidence of an exposure-response gradient. The strongest effect was seen in children under 5 years (OR 2.48, 95% CI 1.51 to 4.09, I2 = 47%). Maternal smoking significantly increased the risk of invasive meningococcal disease by 3 times during pregnancy (OR 2.93, 95% CI 1.52-5.66) and by 2 times after birth (OR 2.26, 95% CI 1.54-3.31).
Conclusions
SHS exposure, and particularly passive foetal exposure to maternal smoking during pregnancy, significantly increases the risk of childhood invasive meningococcal disease. It is likely that an extra 630 cases of invasive meningococcal disease annually in children under 16 are directly attributable to SHS exposure in UK homes. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-14T18:18:17Z |
| format | Article |
| id | nottingham-2475 |
| institution | University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus |
| institution_category | Local University |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-14T18:18:17Z |
| publishDate | 2012 |
| publisher | BioMed Central |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | nottingham-24752020-05-04T16:35:03Z https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/2475/ Second hand smoke exposure and the risk of invasive meningococcal disease in children: systematic review and meta-analysis Murray, Rachael L. Britton, John Leonardi-Bee, Jo Background Invasive meningococcal disease remains an important cause of serious morbidity and mortality in children and young people. There is a growing body of literature to suggest that exposure to passive smoke may play a role in the development of the disease, therefore we have performed a systematic review to provide a comprehensive estimate of the magnitude of this effect for smoking by any household member, by individual family members, and of maternal smoking before and after birth. Methods Four databases (Medline, Embase, PsychINFO and CAB Abstracts database) were searched to identify studies (to June 2012) and reference lists scanned for further studies. Titles, abstracts and full texts were checked for eligibility independently by two authors. Quality of included studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Pooled odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using random effect models, with heterogeneity quantified using I2. Results We identified 18 studies which assessed the effects of SHS on the risk of invasive meningococcal disease in children. SHS in the home doubled the risk of invasive meningococcal disease (OR 2.18, 95% CI 1.63 to 2.92, I2 = 72%), with some evidence of an exposure-response gradient. The strongest effect was seen in children under 5 years (OR 2.48, 95% CI 1.51 to 4.09, I2 = 47%). Maternal smoking significantly increased the risk of invasive meningococcal disease by 3 times during pregnancy (OR 2.93, 95% CI 1.52-5.66) and by 2 times after birth (OR 2.26, 95% CI 1.54-3.31). Conclusions SHS exposure, and particularly passive foetal exposure to maternal smoking during pregnancy, significantly increases the risk of childhood invasive meningococcal disease. It is likely that an extra 630 cases of invasive meningococcal disease annually in children under 16 are directly attributable to SHS exposure in UK homes. BioMed Central 2012-12-10 Article PeerReviewed Murray, Rachael L., Britton, John and Leonardi-Bee, Jo (2012) Second hand smoke exposure and the risk of invasive meningococcal disease in children: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Public Health, 12 (Decemb). 11/1-11/11. ISSN 1471-2458 Second hand smoke Environmental tobacco smoke Invasive meningococcal disease Systematic review Meta-analysis http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2458/12/1062/abstract doi:10.1186/1471-2458-12-1062 doi:10.1186/1471-2458-12-1062 |
| spellingShingle | Second hand smoke Environmental tobacco smoke Invasive meningococcal disease Systematic review Meta-analysis Murray, Rachael L. Britton, John Leonardi-Bee, Jo Second hand smoke exposure and the risk of invasive meningococcal disease in children: systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title | Second hand smoke exposure and the risk of
invasive meningococcal disease in children:
systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_full | Second hand smoke exposure and the risk of
invasive meningococcal disease in children:
systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_fullStr | Second hand smoke exposure and the risk of
invasive meningococcal disease in children:
systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Second hand smoke exposure and the risk of
invasive meningococcal disease in children:
systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_short | Second hand smoke exposure and the risk of
invasive meningococcal disease in children:
systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_sort | second hand smoke exposure and the risk of
invasive meningococcal disease in children:
systematic review and meta-analysis |
| topic | Second hand smoke Environmental tobacco smoke Invasive meningococcal disease Systematic review Meta-analysis |
| url | https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/2475/ https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/2475/ https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/2475/ |