The putative influence of the agr operon upon survival mechanisms used by Clostridium acetobutylicum

The bacterium Clostridium acetobutylicum produces acids as an energy-yielding process during exponential growth. An acidic environment, however, is toxic to the cells and two survival mechanisms are in place to prevent them from dying. Firstly, during a solventogenesis phase, the cells take up thes...

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Main Authors: Jabbari, Sara, Steiner, Elisabeth, Heap, John T., Winzer, Klaus, Minton, Nigel P., King, John R.
Format: Article
Published: Elsevier 2013
Online Access:https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/2228/
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author Jabbari, Sara
Steiner, Elisabeth
Heap, John T.
Winzer, Klaus
Minton, Nigel P.
King, John R.
author_facet Jabbari, Sara
Steiner, Elisabeth
Heap, John T.
Winzer, Klaus
Minton, Nigel P.
King, John R.
author_sort Jabbari, Sara
building Nottingham Research Data Repository
collection Online Access
description The bacterium Clostridium acetobutylicum produces acids as an energy-yielding process during exponential growth. An acidic environment, however, is toxic to the cells and two survival mechanisms are in place to prevent them from dying. Firstly, during a solventogenesis phase, the cells take up these acids and convert them to solvents, thus raising the environmental pH. Secondly, the cells undergo sporulation to form highly resistant spores capable of surviving extreme conditions. One possible regulatory mechanism for these processes is the accessory gene regulatory (agr) quorum-sensing system, which is thought to coordinate cell population density with cell phenotype. We model this system to monitor its putative e.ect upon solventogenesis and the sporulation-initiation network responsible for triggering spore formation. We demonstrate that a high population density should be able to induce both solventogenesis and sporulation, with variations to the parameter set allowing sporulation alone to be triggered; additional distinct signals are capable of restoring the solventogenic response. We compare the agr system of C. acetobutylicum with that of Staphylococcus aureus in order to investigate why the di.erences in feedback between the two systems may have evolved. Our findings indicate that, depending upon the mechanism of interaction between the agr system and the sporulation-initiation network, the clostridial agr circuitry may be in place either to moderate the number of spores that are formed (in order for this number to reflect the urgency of the situation), or simply as an energy-saving strategy.
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spelling nottingham-22282020-05-04T16:35:57Z https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/2228/ The putative influence of the agr operon upon survival mechanisms used by Clostridium acetobutylicum Jabbari, Sara Steiner, Elisabeth Heap, John T. Winzer, Klaus Minton, Nigel P. King, John R. The bacterium Clostridium acetobutylicum produces acids as an energy-yielding process during exponential growth. An acidic environment, however, is toxic to the cells and two survival mechanisms are in place to prevent them from dying. Firstly, during a solventogenesis phase, the cells take up these acids and convert them to solvents, thus raising the environmental pH. Secondly, the cells undergo sporulation to form highly resistant spores capable of surviving extreme conditions. One possible regulatory mechanism for these processes is the accessory gene regulatory (agr) quorum-sensing system, which is thought to coordinate cell population density with cell phenotype. We model this system to monitor its putative e.ect upon solventogenesis and the sporulation-initiation network responsible for triggering spore formation. We demonstrate that a high population density should be able to induce both solventogenesis and sporulation, with variations to the parameter set allowing sporulation alone to be triggered; additional distinct signals are capable of restoring the solventogenic response. We compare the agr system of C. acetobutylicum with that of Staphylococcus aureus in order to investigate why the di.erences in feedback between the two systems may have evolved. Our findings indicate that, depending upon the mechanism of interaction between the agr system and the sporulation-initiation network, the clostridial agr circuitry may be in place either to moderate the number of spores that are formed (in order for this number to reflect the urgency of the situation), or simply as an energy-saving strategy. Elsevier 2013-03-26 Article PeerReviewed Jabbari, Sara, Steiner, Elisabeth, Heap, John T., Winzer, Klaus, Minton, Nigel P. and King, John R. (2013) The putative influence of the agr operon upon survival mechanisms used by Clostridium acetobutylicum. Mathematical Biosciences, 243 (2). pp. 223-239. ISSN 0025-5564 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0025556413000771 doi:10.1016/j.mbs.2013.03.005 doi:10.1016/j.mbs.2013.03.005
spellingShingle Jabbari, Sara
Steiner, Elisabeth
Heap, John T.
Winzer, Klaus
Minton, Nigel P.
King, John R.
The putative influence of the agr operon upon survival mechanisms used by Clostridium acetobutylicum
title The putative influence of the agr operon upon survival mechanisms used by Clostridium acetobutylicum
title_full The putative influence of the agr operon upon survival mechanisms used by Clostridium acetobutylicum
title_fullStr The putative influence of the agr operon upon survival mechanisms used by Clostridium acetobutylicum
title_full_unstemmed The putative influence of the agr operon upon survival mechanisms used by Clostridium acetobutylicum
title_short The putative influence of the agr operon upon survival mechanisms used by Clostridium acetobutylicum
title_sort putative influence of the agr operon upon survival mechanisms used by clostridium acetobutylicum
url https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/2228/
https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/2228/
https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/2228/