Intrinsic distortion of a fully differential BD-modulated Class-D amplifier with analog feedback
This paper presents a mathematical analysis of a fully differential BD-modulated Class-D amplifier with analog feedback, i.e., one having a bridge-tied-load output configuration with negative feedback and ternary PWM signal. Notwithstanding the highly nonlinear nature of the amplifier's operat...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Published: |
IEEE
2013
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| Online Access: | https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/1886/ |
| _version_ | 1848790679592894464 |
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| author | Cox, Stephen M. Yu, J. Goh, W.L. Tan, M.T. |
| author_facet | Cox, Stephen M. Yu, J. Goh, W.L. Tan, M.T. |
| author_sort | Cox, Stephen M. |
| building | Nottingham Research Data Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | This paper presents a mathematical analysis of a fully differential BD-modulated Class-D amplifier with analog feedback, i.e., one having a bridge-tied-load output configuration with negative feedback and ternary PWM signal. Notwithstanding the highly nonlinear nature of
the amplifier's operation, an extremely accurate closed-form expression for the audible output signal is derived and verified based on computer simulations. This expression demonstrates that there exist larger
high-order intrinsic distortions (e.g., 5th-order harmonic distortion and intermodulation distortion) for BD-modulation, compared to that for AD-modulation (binary PWM signal). Furthermore, the 3rd-order harmonic
distortion has a roughly parabolic response as a function of the magnitude of the input signal and reaches its peak when the modulation index of the input signal is around 0.7. Overall, the BD-modulated Class-D amplifier has a larger intrinsic distortion for small input signal but a smaller intrinsic distortion for large input signal,
compared to AD-modulated designs. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-14T18:16:27Z |
| format | Article |
| id | nottingham-1886 |
| institution | University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus |
| institution_category | Local University |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-14T18:16:27Z |
| publishDate | 2013 |
| publisher | IEEE |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | nottingham-18862020-05-04T20:19:58Z https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/1886/ Intrinsic distortion of a fully differential BD-modulated Class-D amplifier with analog feedback Cox, Stephen M. Yu, J. Goh, W.L. Tan, M.T. This paper presents a mathematical analysis of a fully differential BD-modulated Class-D amplifier with analog feedback, i.e., one having a bridge-tied-load output configuration with negative feedback and ternary PWM signal. Notwithstanding the highly nonlinear nature of the amplifier's operation, an extremely accurate closed-form expression for the audible output signal is derived and verified based on computer simulations. This expression demonstrates that there exist larger high-order intrinsic distortions (e.g., 5th-order harmonic distortion and intermodulation distortion) for BD-modulation, compared to that for AD-modulation (binary PWM signal). Furthermore, the 3rd-order harmonic distortion has a roughly parabolic response as a function of the magnitude of the input signal and reaches its peak when the modulation index of the input signal is around 0.7. Overall, the BD-modulated Class-D amplifier has a larger intrinsic distortion for small input signal but a smaller intrinsic distortion for large input signal, compared to AD-modulated designs. IEEE 2013 Article PeerReviewed Cox, Stephen M., Yu, J., Goh, W.L. and Tan, M.T. (2013) Intrinsic distortion of a fully differential BD-modulated Class-D amplifier with analog feedback. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers, 60 (1). pp. 63-73. ISSN 1549-8328 http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TCSI.2012.2215713 doi:10.1109/TCSI.2012.2215713 doi:10.1109/TCSI.2012.2215713 |
| spellingShingle | Cox, Stephen M. Yu, J. Goh, W.L. Tan, M.T. Intrinsic distortion of a fully differential BD-modulated Class-D amplifier with analog feedback |
| title | Intrinsic distortion of a fully differential BD-modulated
Class-D amplifier with analog feedback |
| title_full | Intrinsic distortion of a fully differential BD-modulated
Class-D amplifier with analog feedback |
| title_fullStr | Intrinsic distortion of a fully differential BD-modulated
Class-D amplifier with analog feedback |
| title_full_unstemmed | Intrinsic distortion of a fully differential BD-modulated
Class-D amplifier with analog feedback |
| title_short | Intrinsic distortion of a fully differential BD-modulated
Class-D amplifier with analog feedback |
| title_sort | intrinsic distortion of a fully differential bd-modulated
class-d amplifier with analog feedback |
| url | https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/1886/ https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/1886/ https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/1886/ |