Differentiation of embryonic stem cells through controlled release of growth factors from microspheres

The development of microspheres for the sustained delivery of protein and small drug delivery has been utilised in tissue engineering and drug delivery applications. However problems exist in obtaining a controlled and predictable release pattern of the encapsulated molecules from these materials. I...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Author: olaye, eghosa omoregie andrew/ E A O
Format: Thesis (University of Nottingham only)
Language:English
Published: 2009
Subjects:
Online Access:https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/10825/
_version_ 1848791136652492800
author olaye, eghosa omoregie andrew/ E A O
author_facet olaye, eghosa omoregie andrew/ E A O
author_sort olaye, eghosa omoregie andrew/ E A O
building Nottingham Research Data Repository
collection Online Access
description The development of microspheres for the sustained delivery of protein and small drug delivery has been utilised in tissue engineering and drug delivery applications. However problems exist in obtaining a controlled and predictable release pattern of the encapsulated molecules from these materials. In this study, microspheres with a zero order release kinetic profile and no lag phase were developed from a novel PLGA based polymer blend. The novel PLGA based polymer blend was made from blending PLGA with varying compositions of the triblock co-polymer PLGA-PEG-PLGA. These blends were subsequently used in the fabrication of lysozyme and dexamethasone loaded microspheres. Blending of the triblock copolymer with PLGA resulted in a reduction of the glass transition temperature (36.1ºC against 59.7ºC) and an increased mechanical strength (25.25 ± 1.26MPa against 0.26 ± 0.05MPa) for PLGA and 30% triblock w/w microspheres respectively. An incremental increase in the triblock composition within the Triblock/PLGA blends resulted in a corresponding reduction in glass transition temperature of the microspheres. Varying the triblock composition within the microspheres showed no significant effect on entrapment efficiency (EE) of lysozyme (protein) and dexamethasone (drug) within fabricated microspheres (EE ~ 60% for and 75% for loading weight 5% w/w for lysozyme and dexamethasone microspheres respectively). Controlled release experiments showed incorporation of the triblock increased the burst release of the protein and drug molecules from the microspheres and improved their release kinetics, with zero-order release profile (post burst phase) observed at a triblock composition of 30% w/w. A positive correlation between the amount of triblock within the triblock / PLGA blend and the rate of protein and drug release was also observed. The induction of osteogenesis and chondrogenesis within stem cells seeded on dexamethasone and ascorbate phosphate, and TGF-β3 loaded scaffolds was successfully demonstrated. Zonal release of TGF-β3 and BMP4 proteins from a bilayered scaffold was also demonstrated. However experiments conducted to demonstrate the tissue zonation within a bone cartilage bilayered construct developed from embryonic stem cell seeded TGF-β3 and BMP4 loaded bilayered scaffolds yielded inconclusive data. These results suggests that protein and drug loaded injectable microspheres for tissue engineering applications can be formed from triblock/PLGA blends, and that by varying the triblock composition, the temperature at which the microspheres form scaffolds, the release kinetics and the mechanical strength of the resulting scaffolds can be controlled.
first_indexed 2025-11-14T18:23:43Z
format Thesis (University of Nottingham only)
id nottingham-10825
institution University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus
institution_category Local University
language English
last_indexed 2025-11-14T18:23:43Z
publishDate 2009
recordtype eprints
repository_type Digital Repository
spelling nottingham-108252025-02-28T11:09:50Z https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/10825/ Differentiation of embryonic stem cells through controlled release of growth factors from microspheres olaye, eghosa omoregie andrew/ E A O The development of microspheres for the sustained delivery of protein and small drug delivery has been utilised in tissue engineering and drug delivery applications. However problems exist in obtaining a controlled and predictable release pattern of the encapsulated molecules from these materials. In this study, microspheres with a zero order release kinetic profile and no lag phase were developed from a novel PLGA based polymer blend. The novel PLGA based polymer blend was made from blending PLGA with varying compositions of the triblock co-polymer PLGA-PEG-PLGA. These blends were subsequently used in the fabrication of lysozyme and dexamethasone loaded microspheres. Blending of the triblock copolymer with PLGA resulted in a reduction of the glass transition temperature (36.1ºC against 59.7ºC) and an increased mechanical strength (25.25 ± 1.26MPa against 0.26 ± 0.05MPa) for PLGA and 30% triblock w/w microspheres respectively. An incremental increase in the triblock composition within the Triblock/PLGA blends resulted in a corresponding reduction in glass transition temperature of the microspheres. Varying the triblock composition within the microspheres showed no significant effect on entrapment efficiency (EE) of lysozyme (protein) and dexamethasone (drug) within fabricated microspheres (EE ~ 60% for and 75% for loading weight 5% w/w for lysozyme and dexamethasone microspheres respectively). Controlled release experiments showed incorporation of the triblock increased the burst release of the protein and drug molecules from the microspheres and improved their release kinetics, with zero-order release profile (post burst phase) observed at a triblock composition of 30% w/w. A positive correlation between the amount of triblock within the triblock / PLGA blend and the rate of protein and drug release was also observed. The induction of osteogenesis and chondrogenesis within stem cells seeded on dexamethasone and ascorbate phosphate, and TGF-β3 loaded scaffolds was successfully demonstrated. Zonal release of TGF-β3 and BMP4 proteins from a bilayered scaffold was also demonstrated. However experiments conducted to demonstrate the tissue zonation within a bone cartilage bilayered construct developed from embryonic stem cell seeded TGF-β3 and BMP4 loaded bilayered scaffolds yielded inconclusive data. These results suggests that protein and drug loaded injectable microspheres for tissue engineering applications can be formed from triblock/PLGA blends, and that by varying the triblock composition, the temperature at which the microspheres form scaffolds, the release kinetics and the mechanical strength of the resulting scaffolds can be controlled. 2009-07-23 Thesis (University of Nottingham only) NonPeerReviewed application/pdf en arr https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/10825/1/Complete_Thesis_-_Final_Version.pdf olaye, eghosa omoregie andrew/ E A O (2009) Differentiation of embryonic stem cells through controlled release of growth factors from microspheres. PhD thesis, University of Nottingham. Bilayered Scaffold; Microspheres; Embryonic Stem Cells; Differentiation; Release Kinetics; Zero order release; Triblock; PLGA-PEG-PLGA
spellingShingle Bilayered Scaffold; Microspheres; Embryonic Stem Cells; Differentiation; Release Kinetics; Zero order release; Triblock; PLGA-PEG-PLGA
olaye, eghosa omoregie andrew/ E A O
Differentiation of embryonic stem cells through controlled release of growth factors from microspheres
title Differentiation of embryonic stem cells through controlled release of growth factors from microspheres
title_full Differentiation of embryonic stem cells through controlled release of growth factors from microspheres
title_fullStr Differentiation of embryonic stem cells through controlled release of growth factors from microspheres
title_full_unstemmed Differentiation of embryonic stem cells through controlled release of growth factors from microspheres
title_short Differentiation of embryonic stem cells through controlled release of growth factors from microspheres
title_sort differentiation of embryonic stem cells through controlled release of growth factors from microspheres
topic Bilayered Scaffold; Microspheres; Embryonic Stem Cells; Differentiation; Release Kinetics; Zero order release; Triblock; PLGA-PEG-PLGA
url https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/10825/