Modified dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction using green solvent for determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in vegetable samples
According to International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), most of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) known as genotoxic human carcinogen and mutagenic. PAHs represent as poorly degradable pollutants that exist in soils, sediments, surface water and atmosphere. A simple, rapid and sensi...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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The Malaysian Analytical Sciences Society
2016
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| Online Access: | http://eprints.intimal.edu.my/756/ http://eprints.intimal.edu.my/756/1/Modified%20dispersive%20liquid-liquid%20microextraction%20using%20green%20solvent%20for%20determination%20of%20polycyclic%20aromatic%20hydrocarbons%20%28PAHs%29%20in%20vegetable%20samples.pdf |
| _version_ | 1848766558709481472 |
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| author | Chai, Mee Kin Chander, Premla Devi Wong, Ling Shing |
| author_facet | Chai, Mee Kin Chander, Premla Devi Wong, Ling Shing |
| author_sort | Chai, Mee Kin |
| building | INTI Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | According to International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), most of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) known
as genotoxic human carcinogen and mutagenic. PAHs represent as poorly degradable pollutants that exist in soils, sediments,
surface water and atmosphere. A simple, rapid and sensitive extraction method termed modified Dispersive Liquid-Liquid
Microextraction (DLLME) using green solvent was developed to determine PAHs in vegetable samples namely radish, cabbage
and cucumber prior to Gas Chromatography Flame Ionization Detection (GC–FID). The extraction method is based on replacing
chlorinated organic extraction solvent in the conventional DLLME with low toxic solvent, 1-bromo-3-methylbutane without
using dispersive solvent. Several experimental factors such as type and volume of extraction solvents, extraction time,
confirmation of 12 PAHs by GC-MS, recovery percentages on vegetable samples and the comparative analysis with
conventional DLLME were carried out. Both DLLME were successfully extracted 12 types of PAHs. In modified DLLME, the
recoveries of the analytes obtained were in a range of 72.72 – 88.07 % with RSD value below 7.5 % which is comparable to the
conventional DLLME. The use of microliter of low toxic extraction solvent without addition of dispersive solvent caused the
method is economic and environmental friendly which is fulfill the current requirement, green chemistry based analytical
method. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-14T11:53:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | intimal-756 |
| institution | INTI International University |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-14T11:53:04Z |
| publishDate | 2016 |
| publisher | The Malaysian Analytical Sciences Society |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | intimal-7562017-03-22T06:29:11Z http://eprints.intimal.edu.my/756/ Modified dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction using green solvent for determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in vegetable samples Chai, Mee Kin Chander, Premla Devi Wong, Ling Shing TP Chemical technology According to International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), most of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) known as genotoxic human carcinogen and mutagenic. PAHs represent as poorly degradable pollutants that exist in soils, sediments, surface water and atmosphere. A simple, rapid and sensitive extraction method termed modified Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction (DLLME) using green solvent was developed to determine PAHs in vegetable samples namely radish, cabbage and cucumber prior to Gas Chromatography Flame Ionization Detection (GC–FID). The extraction method is based on replacing chlorinated organic extraction solvent in the conventional DLLME with low toxic solvent, 1-bromo-3-methylbutane without using dispersive solvent. Several experimental factors such as type and volume of extraction solvents, extraction time, confirmation of 12 PAHs by GC-MS, recovery percentages on vegetable samples and the comparative analysis with conventional DLLME were carried out. Both DLLME were successfully extracted 12 types of PAHs. In modified DLLME, the recoveries of the analytes obtained were in a range of 72.72 – 88.07 % with RSD value below 7.5 % which is comparable to the conventional DLLME. The use of microliter of low toxic extraction solvent without addition of dispersive solvent caused the method is economic and environmental friendly which is fulfill the current requirement, green chemistry based analytical method. The Malaysian Analytical Sciences Society 2016 Article PeerReviewed text en http://eprints.intimal.edu.my/756/1/Modified%20dispersive%20liquid-liquid%20microextraction%20using%20green%20solvent%20for%20determination%20of%20polycyclic%20aromatic%20hydrocarbons%20%28PAHs%29%20in%20vegetable%20samples.pdf Chai, Mee Kin and Chander, Premla Devi and Wong, Ling Shing (2016) Modified dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction using green solvent for determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in vegetable samples. Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences, 20 (1). pp. 14-20. ISSN 1394 - 2506 |
| spellingShingle | TP Chemical technology Chai, Mee Kin Chander, Premla Devi Wong, Ling Shing Modified dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction using green solvent for determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in vegetable samples |
| title | Modified dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction using green solvent for determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in vegetable samples |
| title_full | Modified dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction using green solvent for determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in vegetable samples |
| title_fullStr | Modified dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction using green solvent for determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in vegetable samples |
| title_full_unstemmed | Modified dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction using green solvent for determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in vegetable samples |
| title_short | Modified dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction using green solvent for determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in vegetable samples |
| title_sort | modified dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction using green solvent for determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) in vegetable samples |
| topic | TP Chemical technology |
| url | http://eprints.intimal.edu.my/756/ http://eprints.intimal.edu.my/756/1/Modified%20dispersive%20liquid-liquid%20microextraction%20using%20green%20solvent%20for%20determination%20of%20polycyclic%20aromatic%20hydrocarbons%20%28PAHs%29%20in%20vegetable%20samples.pdf |