The applicability of using a protease extracted from cashew fruits (Anacardium occidentale), as possible meat tenderizer: an experimental design approach

Meat tenderness is one of the most important organoleptic properties in determining consumer acceptance in meat product marketability. Therefore, an effective meat tenderization method is sought after by exploring plant derived proteolytic enzymes as meat tenderizer. In this study, a novel protease...

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Main Authors: Ahmad, Mohammad Norazmi, Shuhaimen, Muhammad Shahrain, Abdullah, Erna Normaya, Omar, Muhammad Nor, Iqbal, Anwar, Ku Bulat, Ku Halim
Format: Article
Language:English
English
Published: Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2020
Subjects:
Online Access:http://irep.iium.edu.my/80907/
http://irep.iium.edu.my/80907/1/J%20Tex%20Std%20IREP.pdf
http://irep.iium.edu.my/80907/6/Scopus%20-%20The%20applicability%20of%20using%20a%20protease%20extracted%20from%20cashew.pdf
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author Ahmad, Mohammad Norazmi
Shuhaimen, Muhammad Shahrain
Abdullah, Erna Normaya
Omar, Muhammad Nor
Iqbal, Anwar
Ku Bulat, Ku Halim
author_facet Ahmad, Mohammad Norazmi
Shuhaimen, Muhammad Shahrain
Abdullah, Erna Normaya
Omar, Muhammad Nor
Iqbal, Anwar
Ku Bulat, Ku Halim
author_sort Ahmad, Mohammad Norazmi
building IIUM Repository
collection Online Access
description Meat tenderness is one of the most important organoleptic properties in determining consumer acceptance in meat product marketability. Therefore, an effective meat tenderization method is sought after by exploring plant derived proteolytic enzymes as meat tenderizer. In this study, a novel protease from Cashew was identified as a new alternative halal meat tenderizer. The extraction of cashew protease was optimized using response surface methodology (R2 = 0.9803) by varying pH, CaCl2 concentration, mixing time, and mass. pH 6.34, 7.92 mM CaCl2 concentration, 5.51 min mixing time, and 19.24 g sample mass were the optimal extraction conditions. There was no significant difference (n = 3; p < 0.05) between the calculated (6.302 units/ml) and experimental (6.493 ± 0.229 units/ml) protease activity. The ascending order of the effects was pH < mixing time < CaCl2 < sample mass. In meat tenderizing application, the meat samples treated with 9% (v/w) crude protease extract obtained the lowest shear force (1.38 ± 0.25 N) to cause deformation on the meat. An electrophoretic analysis showed that protein bands above 49.8 kDa were completely degraded into protein bands below 22.4 kDa. Scanning electron microscopy shows the disruption of the muscle fibers after being treated by the Cashew protease. The results of this study show the Cashew (Anacardium occidentale) crude extract can be used as an alternative of the animal and microbial protease as meat tenderizer and subsequently overcome the shortcoming of the halal industrial protease.
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spelling iium-809072020-06-22T01:19:56Z http://irep.iium.edu.my/80907/ The applicability of using a protease extracted from cashew fruits (Anacardium occidentale), as possible meat tenderizer: an experimental design approach Ahmad, Mohammad Norazmi Shuhaimen, Muhammad Shahrain Abdullah, Erna Normaya Omar, Muhammad Nor Iqbal, Anwar Ku Bulat, Ku Halim QD Chemistry Meat tenderness is one of the most important organoleptic properties in determining consumer acceptance in meat product marketability. Therefore, an effective meat tenderization method is sought after by exploring plant derived proteolytic enzymes as meat tenderizer. In this study, a novel protease from Cashew was identified as a new alternative halal meat tenderizer. The extraction of cashew protease was optimized using response surface methodology (R2 = 0.9803) by varying pH, CaCl2 concentration, mixing time, and mass. pH 6.34, 7.92 mM CaCl2 concentration, 5.51 min mixing time, and 19.24 g sample mass were the optimal extraction conditions. There was no significant difference (n = 3; p < 0.05) between the calculated (6.302 units/ml) and experimental (6.493 ± 0.229 units/ml) protease activity. The ascending order of the effects was pH < mixing time < CaCl2 < sample mass. In meat tenderizing application, the meat samples treated with 9% (v/w) crude protease extract obtained the lowest shear force (1.38 ± 0.25 N) to cause deformation on the meat. An electrophoretic analysis showed that protein bands above 49.8 kDa were completely degraded into protein bands below 22.4 kDa. Scanning electron microscopy shows the disruption of the muscle fibers after being treated by the Cashew protease. The results of this study show the Cashew (Anacardium occidentale) crude extract can be used as an alternative of the animal and microbial protease as meat tenderizer and subsequently overcome the shortcoming of the halal industrial protease. Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2020-05-13 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://irep.iium.edu.my/80907/1/J%20Tex%20Std%20IREP.pdf application/pdf en http://irep.iium.edu.my/80907/6/Scopus%20-%20The%20applicability%20of%20using%20a%20protease%20extracted%20from%20cashew.pdf Ahmad, Mohammad Norazmi and Shuhaimen, Muhammad Shahrain and Abdullah, Erna Normaya and Omar, Muhammad Nor and Iqbal, Anwar and Ku Bulat, Ku Halim (2020) The applicability of using a protease extracted from cashew fruits (Anacardium occidentale), as possible meat tenderizer: an experimental design approach. Journal of Texture Studies. ISSN 0022-4901 E-ISSN 1745-4603 (In Press) https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jtxs.12529 10.1111/jtxs.12529
spellingShingle QD Chemistry
Ahmad, Mohammad Norazmi
Shuhaimen, Muhammad Shahrain
Abdullah, Erna Normaya
Omar, Muhammad Nor
Iqbal, Anwar
Ku Bulat, Ku Halim
The applicability of using a protease extracted from cashew fruits (Anacardium occidentale), as possible meat tenderizer: an experimental design approach
title The applicability of using a protease extracted from cashew fruits (Anacardium occidentale), as possible meat tenderizer: an experimental design approach
title_full The applicability of using a protease extracted from cashew fruits (Anacardium occidentale), as possible meat tenderizer: an experimental design approach
title_fullStr The applicability of using a protease extracted from cashew fruits (Anacardium occidentale), as possible meat tenderizer: an experimental design approach
title_full_unstemmed The applicability of using a protease extracted from cashew fruits (Anacardium occidentale), as possible meat tenderizer: an experimental design approach
title_short The applicability of using a protease extracted from cashew fruits (Anacardium occidentale), as possible meat tenderizer: an experimental design approach
title_sort applicability of using a protease extracted from cashew fruits (anacardium occidentale), as possible meat tenderizer: an experimental design approach
topic QD Chemistry
url http://irep.iium.edu.my/80907/
http://irep.iium.edu.my/80907/
http://irep.iium.edu.my/80907/
http://irep.iium.edu.my/80907/1/J%20Tex%20Std%20IREP.pdf
http://irep.iium.edu.my/80907/6/Scopus%20-%20The%20applicability%20of%20using%20a%20protease%20extracted%20from%20cashew.pdf