Effects of inter-element spacing and number of elements on planar array antenna characteristics
Planar array antenna is seen as one of the innovative solutions of massive MIMO and 5G networks since they provide directive beams. In this paper, planar array antenna with square and rectangular arrangements based on 2 x 2 antenna elements as one subarray was proposed. Then, array factor for the...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English English English |
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Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science (IAES)
2018
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| Online Access: | http://irep.iium.edu.my/64417/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/64417/1/64417_Effects%20of%20Inter-Element%20Spacing%20and%20Number%20of%20Elements%20_article.pdf http://irep.iium.edu.my/64417/2/64417_Effects%20of%20Inter-Element%20Spacing%20and%20Number%20of%20Elements%20_scopus.pdf http://irep.iium.edu.my/64417/13/64417_Effects%20of%20inter-element%20spacing%20and%20number%20of%20elements%20on%20planar%20array%20antenna%20characteristics_WoS.pdf |
| _version_ | 1848786214319030272 |
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| author | Adnan, Noor Hidayah Muhamad Islam, Md Rafiqul Alam, A H M Zahirul |
| author_facet | Adnan, Noor Hidayah Muhamad Islam, Md Rafiqul Alam, A H M Zahirul |
| author_sort | Adnan, Noor Hidayah Muhamad |
| building | IIUM Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Planar array antenna is seen as one of the innovative solutions of massive
MIMO and 5G networks since they provide directive beams. In this paper,
planar array antenna with square and rectangular arrangements based on 2 x
2 antenna elements as one subarray was proposed. Then, array factor for the
the planar array antenna with up to 64 antenna elements was calculated to
analyze the effects of inter-element spacing and number of elements on the
antenna characteristics. Higher values of inter-element spacing contributed to
higher number of side lobes, narrower main lobe, higher directivity and
lower half power beamwidth (HPBW). Inter-element spacing equals to 0.5λ
was found to be the most suitable value for planar array antenna design based
on the analysis. Meanwhile, higher number of antenna elements increased the
value of directivity of the planar array with narrower HPBW. Therefore,
there is a tradeoff between directivity and HPBW in designing planar array
antenna for massive MIMO application. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-14T17:05:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | iium-64417 |
| institution | International Islamic University Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English English English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-14T17:05:29Z |
| publishDate | 2018 |
| publisher | Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science (IAES) |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | iium-644172025-01-22T02:06:56Z http://irep.iium.edu.my/64417/ Effects of inter-element spacing and number of elements on planar array antenna characteristics Adnan, Noor Hidayah Muhamad Islam, Md Rafiqul Alam, A H M Zahirul QC Physics TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) Planar array antenna is seen as one of the innovative solutions of massive MIMO and 5G networks since they provide directive beams. In this paper, planar array antenna with square and rectangular arrangements based on 2 x 2 antenna elements as one subarray was proposed. Then, array factor for the the planar array antenna with up to 64 antenna elements was calculated to analyze the effects of inter-element spacing and number of elements on the antenna characteristics. Higher values of inter-element spacing contributed to higher number of side lobes, narrower main lobe, higher directivity and lower half power beamwidth (HPBW). Inter-element spacing equals to 0.5λ was found to be the most suitable value for planar array antenna design based on the analysis. Meanwhile, higher number of antenna elements increased the value of directivity of the planar array with narrower HPBW. Therefore, there is a tradeoff between directivity and HPBW in designing planar array antenna for massive MIMO application. Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science (IAES) 2018-04-01 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://irep.iium.edu.my/64417/1/64417_Effects%20of%20Inter-Element%20Spacing%20and%20Number%20of%20Elements%20_article.pdf application/pdf en http://irep.iium.edu.my/64417/2/64417_Effects%20of%20Inter-Element%20Spacing%20and%20Number%20of%20Elements%20_scopus.pdf application/pdf en http://irep.iium.edu.my/64417/13/64417_Effects%20of%20inter-element%20spacing%20and%20number%20of%20elements%20on%20planar%20array%20antenna%20characteristics_WoS.pdf Adnan, Noor Hidayah Muhamad and Islam, Md Rafiqul and Alam, A H M Zahirul (2018) Effects of inter-element spacing and number of elements on planar array antenna characteristics. Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 10 (1). pp. 230-240. ISSN 2502-4752 E-ISSN 2502-4760 http://www.iaescore.com/journals/index.php/IJEECS/article/view/10881/8205 10.11591/ijeecs.v10.i1.pp230-240 |
| spellingShingle | QC Physics TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) Adnan, Noor Hidayah Muhamad Islam, Md Rafiqul Alam, A H M Zahirul Effects of inter-element spacing and number of elements on planar array antenna characteristics |
| title | Effects of inter-element spacing and number of elements on planar array antenna characteristics |
| title_full | Effects of inter-element spacing and number of elements on planar array antenna characteristics |
| title_fullStr | Effects of inter-element spacing and number of elements on planar array antenna characteristics |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of inter-element spacing and number of elements on planar array antenna characteristics |
| title_short | Effects of inter-element spacing and number of elements on planar array antenna characteristics |
| title_sort | effects of inter-element spacing and number of elements on planar array antenna characteristics |
| topic | QC Physics TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) |
| url | http://irep.iium.edu.my/64417/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/64417/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/64417/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/64417/1/64417_Effects%20of%20Inter-Element%20Spacing%20and%20Number%20of%20Elements%20_article.pdf http://irep.iium.edu.my/64417/2/64417_Effects%20of%20Inter-Element%20Spacing%20and%20Number%20of%20Elements%20_scopus.pdf http://irep.iium.edu.my/64417/13/64417_Effects%20of%20inter-element%20spacing%20and%20number%20of%20elements%20on%20planar%20array%20antenna%20characteristics_WoS.pdf |