Effects of inter element spacing on large antenna array characteristics
Large-scale antenna arrays have been the current interest in the study of massive MIMO as a promising technology for 5G. Planar arrays have become the suitable antenna array configurations for massive MIMO since they provide directive beams. In this paper, planar array is proposed with square and re...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Proceeding Paper |
| Language: | English English |
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Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
2018
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| Online Access: | http://irep.iium.edu.my/61018/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/61018/1/61018_Effects%20of%20Inter%20Element%20Spacing%20_complete._new.pdf http://irep.iium.edu.my/61018/2/61018_Effects%20of%20Inter%20Element%20Spacing%20_scopus.pdf |
| _version_ | 1848785594972372992 |
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| author | Muhamad Adnan, Noor Hidayah Islam, Md. Rafiqul Alam, A. H. M. Zahirul |
| author_facet | Muhamad Adnan, Noor Hidayah Islam, Md. Rafiqul Alam, A. H. M. Zahirul |
| author_sort | Muhamad Adnan, Noor Hidayah |
| building | IIUM Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Large-scale antenna arrays have been the current interest in the study of massive MIMO as a promising technology for 5G. Planar arrays have become the suitable antenna array configurations for massive MIMO since they provide directive beams. In this paper, planar array is proposed with square and rectangular arrangements based on 2 x 2 antenna elements as one subarray. Then, array factor (AF) for the planar array based on the subarray with up to 64 antenna elements is calculated to analyze the effects of inter element spacing on large antenna array characteristics. It is observed that large number of antenna elements contribute to large number of side lobes in the AF pattern and higher directivity at the expense of narrower HPBW. Inter element spacing less than 0.5λ produces lower directivity and higher HPBW. Therefore, inter element spacing equal or larger than 0.5λ is suitable to achieve higher directivity for large antenna array applications. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-14T16:55:38Z |
| format | Proceeding Paper |
| id | iium-61018 |
| institution | International Islamic University Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-14T16:55:38Z |
| publishDate | 2018 |
| publisher | Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc. |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | iium-610182018-11-08T08:44:36Z http://irep.iium.edu.my/61018/ Effects of inter element spacing on large antenna array characteristics Muhamad Adnan, Noor Hidayah Islam, Md. Rafiqul Alam, A. H. M. Zahirul TK5101 Telecommunication. Including telegraphy, radio, radar, television Large-scale antenna arrays have been the current interest in the study of massive MIMO as a promising technology for 5G. Planar arrays have become the suitable antenna array configurations for massive MIMO since they provide directive beams. In this paper, planar array is proposed with square and rectangular arrangements based on 2 x 2 antenna elements as one subarray. Then, array factor (AF) for the planar array based on the subarray with up to 64 antenna elements is calculated to analyze the effects of inter element spacing on large antenna array characteristics. It is observed that large number of antenna elements contribute to large number of side lobes in the AF pattern and higher directivity at the expense of narrower HPBW. Inter element spacing less than 0.5λ produces lower directivity and higher HPBW. Therefore, inter element spacing equal or larger than 0.5λ is suitable to achieve higher directivity for large antenna array applications. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc. 2018-03-09 Proceeding Paper PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://irep.iium.edu.my/61018/1/61018_Effects%20of%20Inter%20Element%20Spacing%20_complete._new.pdf application/pdf en http://irep.iium.edu.my/61018/2/61018_Effects%20of%20Inter%20Element%20Spacing%20_scopus.pdf Muhamad Adnan, Noor Hidayah and Islam, Md. Rafiqul and Alam, A. H. M. Zahirul (2018) Effects of inter element spacing on large antenna array characteristics. In: 2017 IEEE International Conference on Smart Instrumentation, Measurement and Applications, 28-30 November 2017, Putrajaya. https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=8311993 10.1109/ICSIMA.2017.8311993 |
| spellingShingle | TK5101 Telecommunication. Including telegraphy, radio, radar, television Muhamad Adnan, Noor Hidayah Islam, Md. Rafiqul Alam, A. H. M. Zahirul Effects of inter element spacing on large antenna array characteristics |
| title | Effects of inter element spacing on large antenna array characteristics |
| title_full | Effects of inter element spacing on large antenna array characteristics |
| title_fullStr | Effects of inter element spacing on large antenna array characteristics |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of inter element spacing on large antenna array characteristics |
| title_short | Effects of inter element spacing on large antenna array characteristics |
| title_sort | effects of inter element spacing on large antenna array characteristics |
| topic | TK5101 Telecommunication. Including telegraphy, radio, radar, television |
| url | http://irep.iium.edu.my/61018/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/61018/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/61018/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/61018/1/61018_Effects%20of%20Inter%20Element%20Spacing%20_complete._new.pdf http://irep.iium.edu.my/61018/2/61018_Effects%20of%20Inter%20Element%20Spacing%20_scopus.pdf |