Critical review on invitro amebcyte culture: a lesson learned from past
Limulus Amebocyte Lysate (LAL/TAL) assay is the only standard test approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to quantify bacterial endotoxin in injectable drugs and implantable medical devices. At present, horseshoe crabs are the sole source of LAL/TAL. Biomedical companies harvest and blee...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Proceeding Paper |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
2015
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://irep.iium.edu.my/47969/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/47969/1/47969.pdf |
| _version_ | 1848783229266427904 |
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| author | Sheikh Mohamed , Hassan Ibrahim John, Akbar Arief Ichwan, Solachuddin Jauhari Kasim, Zaleha Yunus, Kamaruzzaman |
| author_facet | Sheikh Mohamed , Hassan Ibrahim John, Akbar Arief Ichwan, Solachuddin Jauhari Kasim, Zaleha Yunus, Kamaruzzaman |
| author_sort | Sheikh Mohamed , Hassan Ibrahim |
| building | IIUM Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Limulus Amebocyte Lysate (LAL/TAL) assay is the only standard test approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to quantify bacterial endotoxin in injectable drugs and implantable medical devices. At present, horseshoe crabs are the sole source of LAL/TAL. Biomedical companies harvest and bleed horseshoe crabs which eventually lead to depleting wild stock and threat to wild population at the rate of ≤30% post bleeding mortality rate. Though, many alternative biosensors were developed to quantify endotoxins, they are not without limitations and some of them even need LAL/TAL as source detectors. Hence, the LAL/TAL industry in its current form has ethical, ecological, commercial and technical issues that make it vulnerable for competition. An alternative method of culturing amebocyte in tissue culture medium has been addressed in literature since last 4 decades. This paper will address the issues in amebocyte culture in-vitro based on the published literatures. The paper will also suggest the best source of amebocyte cells (gill, gill flaps, blood), culture mode (monolayer, suspension, bioreactor), culture media (Grace's Insect Medium, Leibovitz’s L-15Medium, Modified Essential medium, Shields and Sang insect medium,TNM-FHMedium, RPMI 1640 medium) and best culture conditions (pH, temperature, osmolarity). This review will also emphasize on key elements in establishing a cell line for the continuous harvesting of amebocyte in-vitro. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-14T16:18:02Z |
| format | Proceeding Paper |
| id | iium-47969 |
| institution | International Islamic University Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-14T16:18:02Z |
| publishDate | 2015 |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | iium-479692018-05-22T02:53:14Z http://irep.iium.edu.my/47969/ Critical review on invitro amebcyte culture: a lesson learned from past Sheikh Mohamed , Hassan Ibrahim John, Akbar Arief Ichwan, Solachuddin Jauhari Kasim, Zaleha Yunus, Kamaruzzaman Q Science (General) Limulus Amebocyte Lysate (LAL/TAL) assay is the only standard test approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to quantify bacterial endotoxin in injectable drugs and implantable medical devices. At present, horseshoe crabs are the sole source of LAL/TAL. Biomedical companies harvest and bleed horseshoe crabs which eventually lead to depleting wild stock and threat to wild population at the rate of ≤30% post bleeding mortality rate. Though, many alternative biosensors were developed to quantify endotoxins, they are not without limitations and some of them even need LAL/TAL as source detectors. Hence, the LAL/TAL industry in its current form has ethical, ecological, commercial and technical issues that make it vulnerable for competition. An alternative method of culturing amebocyte in tissue culture medium has been addressed in literature since last 4 decades. This paper will address the issues in amebocyte culture in-vitro based on the published literatures. The paper will also suggest the best source of amebocyte cells (gill, gill flaps, blood), culture mode (monolayer, suspension, bioreactor), culture media (Grace's Insect Medium, Leibovitz’s L-15Medium, Modified Essential medium, Shields and Sang insect medium,TNM-FHMedium, RPMI 1640 medium) and best culture conditions (pH, temperature, osmolarity). This review will also emphasize on key elements in establishing a cell line for the continuous harvesting of amebocyte in-vitro. 2015 Proceeding Paper NonPeerReviewed application/pdf en http://irep.iium.edu.my/47969/1/47969.pdf Sheikh Mohamed , Hassan Ibrahim and John, Akbar and Arief Ichwan, Solachuddin Jauhari and Kasim, Zaleha and Yunus, Kamaruzzaman (2015) Critical review on invitro amebcyte culture: a lesson learned from past. In: International Conference on Advancement in Science and Technology (iCAST 2015) - ‘Frontiers in Biotechnology’, 10-12 August 2015, Impiana Resort Cherating, Pahang, Malaysia. (Unpublished) http://www.iium.edu.my/icast/ |
| spellingShingle | Q Science (General) Sheikh Mohamed , Hassan Ibrahim John, Akbar Arief Ichwan, Solachuddin Jauhari Kasim, Zaleha Yunus, Kamaruzzaman Critical review on invitro amebcyte culture: a lesson learned from past |
| title | Critical review on invitro amebcyte culture: a lesson learned from past |
| title_full | Critical review on invitro amebcyte culture: a lesson learned from past |
| title_fullStr | Critical review on invitro amebcyte culture: a lesson learned from past |
| title_full_unstemmed | Critical review on invitro amebcyte culture: a lesson learned from past |
| title_short | Critical review on invitro amebcyte culture: a lesson learned from past |
| title_sort | critical review on invitro amebcyte culture: a lesson learned from past |
| topic | Q Science (General) |
| url | http://irep.iium.edu.my/47969/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/47969/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/47969/1/47969.pdf |