A two-step optimization and statistical analysis of COD reduction from biotreated POME using empty fruit bunch-based activated carbon produced from pyrolysis
In this investigation, the potential of powdered activated carbon (PAC) derived from empty fruit bunch (EFB) precursor through pyrolysis method for chemical oxygen demand (COD) adsorption from biotreated palm oil mill effluent (POME) was extensively studied. The PAC was prepared and characteriz...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English English |
| Published: |
Springer Netherlands
2015
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://irep.iium.edu.my/47331/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/47331/4/Final_Publication_witn_page_number.pdf http://irep.iium.edu.my/47331/7/47331_A%20two-step%20optimization%20and%20statistical%20analysis%20of%20COD_Scopus.pdf |
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| author | Amosa, Mutiu K. Jami, Mohammed Saedi Al-Khatib, Ma'an Fahmi Rashid Jimat, Dzun Noraini Muyibi, Suleyman Aremu |
| author_facet | Amosa, Mutiu K. Jami, Mohammed Saedi Al-Khatib, Ma'an Fahmi Rashid Jimat, Dzun Noraini Muyibi, Suleyman Aremu |
| author_sort | Amosa, Mutiu K. |
| building | IIUM Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | In this investigation, the potential of powdered
activated carbon (PAC) derived from empty fruit bunch
(EFB) precursor through pyrolysis method for chemical
oxygen demand (COD) adsorption from biotreated palm oil
mill effluent (POME) was extensively studied. The PAC
was prepared and characterized using scanning electron
microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR)
spectroscopy and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller. The SEM
microphotographs showed opened micropores existing in
the PAC structure with a surface area of 886.2 m
2
/g. The
FTIR spectra revealed the three major peaks exhibited by
the surface of the activated carbon at exactly wavenumbers
of 1737.61, 1365.10 and 1216.91 cm
-1
. This suggests the
presence of some functional groups which can potentially
enhance positive interactions between the adsorbent and
the adsorbate.Design-Expert
�
software (version 7.0.0) was
employed for the statistical experimental design of a twostep optimization: factorial and response surface methodology. Maximum COD reduction of 84 % (227 ppm
residual) was achieved from an initial concentration of
1387 ppm. This study being the first optimization process
with the utility of EFB-based PAC in the treatment of the
high-strength multicomponent biotreated POME; hence,
the results could serve as requisite data for upscaling and/or future investigations in the utility of the precursor as a viable adsorbent. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-14T16:16:23Z |
| format | Article |
| id | iium-47331 |
| institution | International Islamic University Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-14T16:16:23Z |
| publishDate | 2015 |
| publisher | Springer Netherlands |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | iium-473312024-05-02T07:46:26Z http://irep.iium.edu.my/47331/ A two-step optimization and statistical analysis of COD reduction from biotreated POME using empty fruit bunch-based activated carbon produced from pyrolysis Amosa, Mutiu K. Jami, Mohammed Saedi Al-Khatib, Ma'an Fahmi Rashid Jimat, Dzun Noraini Muyibi, Suleyman Aremu TP155 Chemical engineering In this investigation, the potential of powdered activated carbon (PAC) derived from empty fruit bunch (EFB) precursor through pyrolysis method for chemical oxygen demand (COD) adsorption from biotreated palm oil mill effluent (POME) was extensively studied. The PAC was prepared and characterized using scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller. The SEM microphotographs showed opened micropores existing in the PAC structure with a surface area of 886.2 m 2 /g. The FTIR spectra revealed the three major peaks exhibited by the surface of the activated carbon at exactly wavenumbers of 1737.61, 1365.10 and 1216.91 cm -1 . This suggests the presence of some functional groups which can potentially enhance positive interactions between the adsorbent and the adsorbate.Design-Expert � software (version 7.0.0) was employed for the statistical experimental design of a twostep optimization: factorial and response surface methodology. Maximum COD reduction of 84 % (227 ppm residual) was achieved from an initial concentration of 1387 ppm. This study being the first optimization process with the utility of EFB-based PAC in the treatment of the high-strength multicomponent biotreated POME; hence, the results could serve as requisite data for upscaling and/or future investigations in the utility of the precursor as a viable adsorbent. Springer Netherlands 2015-12 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://irep.iium.edu.my/47331/4/Final_Publication_witn_page_number.pdf application/pdf en http://irep.iium.edu.my/47331/7/47331_A%20two-step%20optimization%20and%20statistical%20analysis%20of%20COD_Scopus.pdf Amosa, Mutiu K. and Jami, Mohammed Saedi and Al-Khatib, Ma'an Fahmi Rashid and Jimat, Dzun Noraini and Muyibi, Suleyman Aremu (2015) A two-step optimization and statistical analysis of COD reduction from biotreated POME using empty fruit bunch-based activated carbon produced from pyrolysis. Water Quality, Exposure and Health, 7 (4). pp. 603-616. ISSN 1876-1658 http://link.springer.com/journal/12403 10.1007/s12403-015-0176-4 |
| spellingShingle | TP155 Chemical engineering Amosa, Mutiu K. Jami, Mohammed Saedi Al-Khatib, Ma'an Fahmi Rashid Jimat, Dzun Noraini Muyibi, Suleyman Aremu A two-step optimization and statistical analysis of COD reduction from biotreated POME using empty fruit bunch-based activated carbon produced from pyrolysis |
| title | A two-step optimization and statistical analysis of COD
reduction from biotreated POME using empty fruit bunch-based activated carbon produced from pyrolysis |
| title_full | A two-step optimization and statistical analysis of COD
reduction from biotreated POME using empty fruit bunch-based activated carbon produced from pyrolysis |
| title_fullStr | A two-step optimization and statistical analysis of COD
reduction from biotreated POME using empty fruit bunch-based activated carbon produced from pyrolysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | A two-step optimization and statistical analysis of COD
reduction from biotreated POME using empty fruit bunch-based activated carbon produced from pyrolysis |
| title_short | A two-step optimization and statistical analysis of COD
reduction from biotreated POME using empty fruit bunch-based activated carbon produced from pyrolysis |
| title_sort | two-step optimization and statistical analysis of cod
reduction from biotreated pome using empty fruit bunch-based activated carbon produced from pyrolysis |
| topic | TP155 Chemical engineering |
| url | http://irep.iium.edu.my/47331/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/47331/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/47331/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/47331/4/Final_Publication_witn_page_number.pdf http://irep.iium.edu.my/47331/7/47331_A%20two-step%20optimization%20and%20statistical%20analysis%20of%20COD_Scopus.pdf |