The damage of unconfined granite edge due to the impact of varying stiffness projectiles
A rectangular box shaped granite specimen was subjected to varying stiffness projectile impacts on its unconfined edge to investigate the rock damage. Three kinds of projectiles were used, namely chrome steel, copper 102 and pure lead. In comparison to high constraint impact, unconfined edge impac...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2013
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| Online Access: | http://irep.iium.edu.my/29894/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/29894/1/rock-paper-2013.pdf |
| _version_ | 1848780203795415040 |
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| author | Shah, Qasim Hussain Hamdani, Adib |
| author_facet | Shah, Qasim Hussain Hamdani, Adib |
| author_sort | Shah, Qasim Hussain |
| building | IIUM Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | A rectangular box shaped granite specimen was subjected to varying stiffness projectile impacts on its
unconfined edge to investigate the rock damage. Three kinds of projectiles were used, namely chrome
steel, copper 102 and pure lead. In comparison to high constraint impact, unconfined edge impact of
varying projectile stiffness for brittle targets has not been reported in the literature. Steel, copper and
lead projectile impacts revealed that the extent of damage varied depending on the projectile materials.
Larger damage on impacted granite’s edge was observed due to copper projectile in comparison to steel
and lead projectiles. The experimental results were compared to numerical simulations by using Smooth
Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) available in commercial software LS-DYNA as a finite element tool and
they were in good agreement. The SPH model of granite provided good description that double-layer
crater was formed as a result of unconfined edge projectile impact which matched the experimental
findings well. Threshold value of projectile stiffness was proposed to remain significant factor in
damaging unconfined granite’s edge. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-14T15:29:56Z |
| format | Article |
| id | iium-29894 |
| institution | International Islamic University Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-14T15:29:56Z |
| publishDate | 2013 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | iium-298942013-06-07T08:08:59Z http://irep.iium.edu.my/29894/ The damage of unconfined granite edge due to the impact of varying stiffness projectiles Shah, Qasim Hussain Hamdani, Adib TJ170 Mechanics applied to machinery. Dynamics A rectangular box shaped granite specimen was subjected to varying stiffness projectile impacts on its unconfined edge to investigate the rock damage. Three kinds of projectiles were used, namely chrome steel, copper 102 and pure lead. In comparison to high constraint impact, unconfined edge impact of varying projectile stiffness for brittle targets has not been reported in the literature. Steel, copper and lead projectile impacts revealed that the extent of damage varied depending on the projectile materials. Larger damage on impacted granite’s edge was observed due to copper projectile in comparison to steel and lead projectiles. The experimental results were compared to numerical simulations by using Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) available in commercial software LS-DYNA as a finite element tool and they were in good agreement. The SPH model of granite provided good description that double-layer crater was formed as a result of unconfined edge projectile impact which matched the experimental findings well. Threshold value of projectile stiffness was proposed to remain significant factor in damaging unconfined granite’s edge. Elsevier 2013-09-01 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://irep.iium.edu.my/29894/1/rock-paper-2013.pdf Shah, Qasim Hussain and Hamdani, Adib (2013) The damage of unconfined granite edge due to the impact of varying stiffness projectiles. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 59. pp. 11-17. ISSN 0734-743X http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0734743X1300050X 10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2013.03.004 |
| spellingShingle | TJ170 Mechanics applied to machinery. Dynamics Shah, Qasim Hussain Hamdani, Adib The damage of unconfined granite edge due to the impact of varying stiffness projectiles |
| title | The damage of unconfined granite edge due to the impact of varying stiffness projectiles |
| title_full | The damage of unconfined granite edge due to the impact of varying stiffness projectiles |
| title_fullStr | The damage of unconfined granite edge due to the impact of varying stiffness projectiles |
| title_full_unstemmed | The damage of unconfined granite edge due to the impact of varying stiffness projectiles |
| title_short | The damage of unconfined granite edge due to the impact of varying stiffness projectiles |
| title_sort | damage of unconfined granite edge due to the impact of varying stiffness projectiles |
| topic | TJ170 Mechanics applied to machinery. Dynamics |
| url | http://irep.iium.edu.my/29894/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/29894/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/29894/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/29894/1/rock-paper-2013.pdf |