Obtaining Consistent Free Energies for Ion Binding at Surfaces from Solution: Pathways versus Alchemy for Determining Kink Site Stability

Ion incorporation or removal from a solid at the interface with solution is a fundamental part of crystal growth. Despite this, there have been few quantitative determinations of the thermodynamics for such processes from atomistic molecular dynamics due to the associated technical challenges. In th...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Silvestri, A., Raiteri, Paolo, Gale, Julian
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: AMER CHEMICAL SOC 2022
Subjects:
Online Access:http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/97832
_version_ 1848766327738597376
author Silvestri, A.
Raiteri, Paolo
Gale, Julian
author_facet Silvestri, A.
Raiteri, Paolo
Gale, Julian
author_sort Silvestri, A.
building Curtin Institutional Repository
collection Online Access
description Ion incorporation or removal from a solid at the interface with solution is a fundamental part of crystal growth. Despite this, there have been few quantitative determinations of the thermodynamics for such processes from atomistic molecular dynamics due to the associated technical challenges. In this study, we compute the free energies for ion removal from kink sites at the interface between NaCl and water as an illustrative example. To examine the influence of the free energy technique used, we compare methods that follow an explicit pathway for dissolution with those that focus on the thermodynamics of the initial and final states using metadynamics and free energy perturbation, respectively. While the initial results of the two approaches are found to be completely different, it is demonstrated that the thermodynamics can be reconciled with appropriate corrections for the standard states, thus illustrating the need for caution in interpreting raw free energy curves for ion binding as widely found in the literature. In addition, a new efficient approach is introduced to correct for the system size dependence of kink site energies both due to the periodic interaction of charges in an inhomogeneous dielectric system and due to the dipolar interactions between pairs of kinks along a row. Ultimately, it is shown that with suitable care, both classes of free energy techniques are capable of producing kink site stabilities that are consistent with the solubility of the underlying bulk solid. However, the precise values for individual kink sites exhibit a small systematic offset, which can be ascribed to the contribution of the interfacial potential to the pathway-based results. For the case of NaCl, the free energies of the kink sites relative to a 1 M aqueous solution for Na+and Cl-are found to be surprisingly different and of opposite sign, despite the ions having very similar hydration free energies.
first_indexed 2025-11-14T11:49:23Z
format Journal Article
id curtin-20.500.11937-97832
institution Curtin University Malaysia
institution_category Local University
language English
last_indexed 2025-11-14T11:49:23Z
publishDate 2022
publisher AMER CHEMICAL SOC
recordtype eprints
repository_type Digital Repository
spelling curtin-20.500.11937-978322025-07-22T07:07:24Z Obtaining Consistent Free Energies for Ion Binding at Surfaces from Solution: Pathways versus Alchemy for Determining Kink Site Stability Silvestri, A. Raiteri, Paolo Gale, Julian Science & Technology Physical Sciences Chemistry, Physical Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical Chemistry Physics METAL-IONS DISSOLUTION WATER SIMULATIONS NACL GROWTH PREDICTION MECHANISM CONSTANT CRYSTALS Alchemy Ions Sodium Chloride Thermodynamics Water Sodium Chloride Ions Water Thermodynamics Alchemy Ion incorporation or removal from a solid at the interface with solution is a fundamental part of crystal growth. Despite this, there have been few quantitative determinations of the thermodynamics for such processes from atomistic molecular dynamics due to the associated technical challenges. In this study, we compute the free energies for ion removal from kink sites at the interface between NaCl and water as an illustrative example. To examine the influence of the free energy technique used, we compare methods that follow an explicit pathway for dissolution with those that focus on the thermodynamics of the initial and final states using metadynamics and free energy perturbation, respectively. While the initial results of the two approaches are found to be completely different, it is demonstrated that the thermodynamics can be reconciled with appropriate corrections for the standard states, thus illustrating the need for caution in interpreting raw free energy curves for ion binding as widely found in the literature. In addition, a new efficient approach is introduced to correct for the system size dependence of kink site energies both due to the periodic interaction of charges in an inhomogeneous dielectric system and due to the dipolar interactions between pairs of kinks along a row. Ultimately, it is shown that with suitable care, both classes of free energy techniques are capable of producing kink site stabilities that are consistent with the solubility of the underlying bulk solid. However, the precise values for individual kink sites exhibit a small systematic offset, which can be ascribed to the contribution of the interfacial potential to the pathway-based results. For the case of NaCl, the free energies of the kink sites relative to a 1 M aqueous solution for Na+and Cl-are found to be surprisingly different and of opposite sign, despite the ions having very similar hydration free energies. 2022 Journal Article http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/97832 10.1021/acs.jctc.2c00787 English AMER CHEMICAL SOC fulltext
spellingShingle Science & Technology
Physical Sciences
Chemistry, Physical
Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
Chemistry
Physics
METAL-IONS
DISSOLUTION
WATER
SIMULATIONS
NACL
GROWTH
PREDICTION
MECHANISM
CONSTANT
CRYSTALS
Alchemy
Ions
Sodium Chloride
Thermodynamics
Water
Sodium Chloride
Ions
Water
Thermodynamics
Alchemy
Silvestri, A.
Raiteri, Paolo
Gale, Julian
Obtaining Consistent Free Energies for Ion Binding at Surfaces from Solution: Pathways versus Alchemy for Determining Kink Site Stability
title Obtaining Consistent Free Energies for Ion Binding at Surfaces from Solution: Pathways versus Alchemy for Determining Kink Site Stability
title_full Obtaining Consistent Free Energies for Ion Binding at Surfaces from Solution: Pathways versus Alchemy for Determining Kink Site Stability
title_fullStr Obtaining Consistent Free Energies for Ion Binding at Surfaces from Solution: Pathways versus Alchemy for Determining Kink Site Stability
title_full_unstemmed Obtaining Consistent Free Energies for Ion Binding at Surfaces from Solution: Pathways versus Alchemy for Determining Kink Site Stability
title_short Obtaining Consistent Free Energies for Ion Binding at Surfaces from Solution: Pathways versus Alchemy for Determining Kink Site Stability
title_sort obtaining consistent free energies for ion binding at surfaces from solution: pathways versus alchemy for determining kink site stability
topic Science & Technology
Physical Sciences
Chemistry, Physical
Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
Chemistry
Physics
METAL-IONS
DISSOLUTION
WATER
SIMULATIONS
NACL
GROWTH
PREDICTION
MECHANISM
CONSTANT
CRYSTALS
Alchemy
Ions
Sodium Chloride
Thermodynamics
Water
Sodium Chloride
Ions
Water
Thermodynamics
Alchemy
url http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/97832