Medical injection and access to sterile injection equipment in low- And middle-income countries: A meta-analysis of Demographic and Health Surveys (2010–2017)
Background: Unsafe injection practices contribute to increased risks of blood-borne infections, including human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B and hepatitis C viruses. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of medical injections as well as assess the level of access to sterile inj...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
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2020
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| Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/97785 |
| _version_ | 1848766315489132544 |
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| author | Adewuyi, Emmanuel Auta, A. |
| author_facet | Adewuyi, Emmanuel Auta, A. |
| author_sort | Adewuyi, Emmanuel |
| building | Curtin Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Background: Unsafe injection practices contribute to increased risks of blood-borne infections, including human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B and hepatitis C viruses. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of medical injections as well as assess the level of access to sterile injection equipment by demographic factors in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Methods: We carried out a meta-analysis of nationally representative Demographic and Health Surveys (DHSs) conducted between 2010 and 2017 in 39 LMICs. Random effects meta-analysis was used in estimating pooled and disaggregated prevalence. All analyses were conducted using Stata version 14 and Microsoft Excel 2016. Results: The pooled 12-month prevalence estimate of medical injection was 32.4% (95% confidence interval 29.3–35.6). Pakistan, Rwanda and Myanmar had the highest prevalence of medical injection: 59.1%, 56.4% and 53.0%, respectively. Regionally, the prevalence of medical injection ranged from 13.5% in west Asia to 42.7% in south and southeast Asia. The pooled prevalence of access to sterile injection equipment was 96.5%, with Pakistan, Comoros and Afghanistan having comparatively less prevalence: 86.0%, 90.3% and 90.9%, respectively. Conclusions: Overuse of medical injection and potentially unsafe injection practices remain a considerable challenge in LMICs. To stem the tides of these challenges, national governments of LMICs need to initiate appropriate interventions, including education of stakeholders, and equity in access to quality healthcare services. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-14T11:49:12Z |
| format | Journal Article |
| id | curtin-20.500.11937-97785 |
| institution | Curtin University Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | eng |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-14T11:49:12Z |
| publishDate | 2020 |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | curtin-20.500.11937-977852025-05-22T14:53:46Z Medical injection and access to sterile injection equipment in low- And middle-income countries: A meta-analysis of Demographic and Health Surveys (2010–2017) Adewuyi, Emmanuel Auta, A. blood-borne infections low- and middle-income countries medical injection sterile injection equipment Adolescent Adult Developing Countries Female Humans Injections Male Middle Aged Needles Poverty Safety Management Sterilization Young Adult Humans Injections Needles Safety Management Sterilization Developing Countries Poverty Adolescent Adult Middle Aged Female Male Young Adult Background: Unsafe injection practices contribute to increased risks of blood-borne infections, including human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B and hepatitis C viruses. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of medical injections as well as assess the level of access to sterile injection equipment by demographic factors in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Methods: We carried out a meta-analysis of nationally representative Demographic and Health Surveys (DHSs) conducted between 2010 and 2017 in 39 LMICs. Random effects meta-analysis was used in estimating pooled and disaggregated prevalence. All analyses were conducted using Stata version 14 and Microsoft Excel 2016. Results: The pooled 12-month prevalence estimate of medical injection was 32.4% (95% confidence interval 29.3–35.6). Pakistan, Rwanda and Myanmar had the highest prevalence of medical injection: 59.1%, 56.4% and 53.0%, respectively. Regionally, the prevalence of medical injection ranged from 13.5% in west Asia to 42.7% in south and southeast Asia. The pooled prevalence of access to sterile injection equipment was 96.5%, with Pakistan, Comoros and Afghanistan having comparatively less prevalence: 86.0%, 90.3% and 90.9%, respectively. Conclusions: Overuse of medical injection and potentially unsafe injection practices remain a considerable challenge in LMICs. To stem the tides of these challenges, national governments of LMICs need to initiate appropriate interventions, including education of stakeholders, and equity in access to quality healthcare services. 2020 Journal Article http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/97785 10.1093/inthealth/ihz113 eng unknown |
| spellingShingle | blood-borne infections low- and middle-income countries medical injection sterile injection equipment Adolescent Adult Developing Countries Female Humans Injections Male Middle Aged Needles Poverty Safety Management Sterilization Young Adult Humans Injections Needles Safety Management Sterilization Developing Countries Poverty Adolescent Adult Middle Aged Female Male Young Adult Adewuyi, Emmanuel Auta, A. Medical injection and access to sterile injection equipment in low- And middle-income countries: A meta-analysis of Demographic and Health Surveys (2010–2017) |
| title | Medical injection and access to sterile injection equipment in low- And middle-income countries: A meta-analysis of Demographic and Health Surveys (2010–2017) |
| title_full | Medical injection and access to sterile injection equipment in low- And middle-income countries: A meta-analysis of Demographic and Health Surveys (2010–2017) |
| title_fullStr | Medical injection and access to sterile injection equipment in low- And middle-income countries: A meta-analysis of Demographic and Health Surveys (2010–2017) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Medical injection and access to sterile injection equipment in low- And middle-income countries: A meta-analysis of Demographic and Health Surveys (2010–2017) |
| title_short | Medical injection and access to sterile injection equipment in low- And middle-income countries: A meta-analysis of Demographic and Health Surveys (2010–2017) |
| title_sort | medical injection and access to sterile injection equipment in low- and middle-income countries: a meta-analysis of demographic and health surveys (2010–2017) |
| topic | blood-borne infections low- and middle-income countries medical injection sterile injection equipment Adolescent Adult Developing Countries Female Humans Injections Male Middle Aged Needles Poverty Safety Management Sterilization Young Adult Humans Injections Needles Safety Management Sterilization Developing Countries Poverty Adolescent Adult Middle Aged Female Male Young Adult |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/97785 |