Enhanced Production of Five-Membered Ring Compounds Using a Biochar-Loaded Fe Catalyst: Catalytic Upgrading of Light Bio-Oil

The catalytic upgrading of light bio-oil (LB) is essential for enhancing the overall utilization of crude bio-oil. This study presents the synthesis of a biochar-loaded Fe catalyst (Fen-STC) via a simple one-step pyrolysis method and evaluates its performance in the upgrading of LB. The Fe species w...

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Main Authors: Lv, S., Xu, H., Wu, W., Yu, Yun, Yang, J., Gao, A., Huang, Y., Tahir, M.H., Ding, K., Zhang, S.
Format: Journal Article
Published: 2025
Online Access:http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/97490
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author Lv, S.
Xu, H.
Wu, W.
Yu, Yun
Yang, J.
Gao, A.
Huang, Y.
Tahir, M.H.
Ding, K.
Zhang, S.
author_facet Lv, S.
Xu, H.
Wu, W.
Yu, Yun
Yang, J.
Gao, A.
Huang, Y.
Tahir, M.H.
Ding, K.
Zhang, S.
author_sort Lv, S.
building Curtin Institutional Repository
collection Online Access
description The catalytic upgrading of light bio-oil (LB) is essential for enhancing the overall utilization of crude bio-oil. This study presents the synthesis of a biochar-loaded Fe catalyst (Fen-STC) via a simple one-step pyrolysis method and evaluates its performance in the upgrading of LB. The Fe species were primarily loaded onto the biochar carrier in the form of iron oxides (Fe3O4/Fe2O3), which further etched the biochar carrier, resulting in a substantial alteration of its structure and aromaticity. The optimized Fe1.0-STC exhibited a substantial increase in the specific surface area and a uniform distribution of iron oxides. Notably, this catalyst significantly enhanced the selectivity for producing five-membered ring compounds, such as cyclic ketones and furans, achieving a relative abundance of 70.23%, an increase of 87.74% compared to the control group. Further examination of hydroxyacetone and 1-hydroxy-2-butanone as model compounds elucidated the mechanisms underpinning catalytic upgrading, revealing a synergistic effect that facilitated the transformation of linear short-chain ketones into high-value cyclic compounds through aldol condensation, dehydration, and cyclization reactions. These findings suggest that the Fen-STC catalyst is a promising candidate for enhancing the quality of LB.
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format Journal Article
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institution Curtin University Malaysia
institution_category Local University
last_indexed 2025-11-14T11:48:39Z
publishDate 2025
recordtype eprints
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spelling curtin-20.500.11937-974902025-04-16T03:34:00Z Enhanced Production of Five-Membered Ring Compounds Using a Biochar-Loaded Fe Catalyst: Catalytic Upgrading of Light Bio-Oil Lv, S. Xu, H. Wu, W. Yu, Yun Yang, J. Gao, A. Huang, Y. Tahir, M.H. Ding, K. Zhang, S. The catalytic upgrading of light bio-oil (LB) is essential for enhancing the overall utilization of crude bio-oil. This study presents the synthesis of a biochar-loaded Fe catalyst (Fen-STC) via a simple one-step pyrolysis method and evaluates its performance in the upgrading of LB. The Fe species were primarily loaded onto the biochar carrier in the form of iron oxides (Fe3O4/Fe2O3), which further etched the biochar carrier, resulting in a substantial alteration of its structure and aromaticity. The optimized Fe1.0-STC exhibited a substantial increase in the specific surface area and a uniform distribution of iron oxides. Notably, this catalyst significantly enhanced the selectivity for producing five-membered ring compounds, such as cyclic ketones and furans, achieving a relative abundance of 70.23%, an increase of 87.74% compared to the control group. Further examination of hydroxyacetone and 1-hydroxy-2-butanone as model compounds elucidated the mechanisms underpinning catalytic upgrading, revealing a synergistic effect that facilitated the transformation of linear short-chain ketones into high-value cyclic compounds through aldol condensation, dehydration, and cyclization reactions. These findings suggest that the Fen-STC catalyst is a promising candidate for enhancing the quality of LB. 2025 Journal Article http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/97490 10.1021/acssuschemeng.5c01547 unknown
spellingShingle Lv, S.
Xu, H.
Wu, W.
Yu, Yun
Yang, J.
Gao, A.
Huang, Y.
Tahir, M.H.
Ding, K.
Zhang, S.
Enhanced Production of Five-Membered Ring Compounds Using a Biochar-Loaded Fe Catalyst: Catalytic Upgrading of Light Bio-Oil
title Enhanced Production of Five-Membered Ring Compounds Using a Biochar-Loaded Fe Catalyst: Catalytic Upgrading of Light Bio-Oil
title_full Enhanced Production of Five-Membered Ring Compounds Using a Biochar-Loaded Fe Catalyst: Catalytic Upgrading of Light Bio-Oil
title_fullStr Enhanced Production of Five-Membered Ring Compounds Using a Biochar-Loaded Fe Catalyst: Catalytic Upgrading of Light Bio-Oil
title_full_unstemmed Enhanced Production of Five-Membered Ring Compounds Using a Biochar-Loaded Fe Catalyst: Catalytic Upgrading of Light Bio-Oil
title_short Enhanced Production of Five-Membered Ring Compounds Using a Biochar-Loaded Fe Catalyst: Catalytic Upgrading of Light Bio-Oil
title_sort enhanced production of five-membered ring compounds using a biochar-loaded fe catalyst: catalytic upgrading of light bio-oil
url http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/97490