The rebrightening of a ROSAT-selected tidal disruption event: repeated weak partial disruption flares from a quiescent galaxy?
The ROSAT-selected tidal disruption event (TDE) candidate RX J133157.6-324319.7 (J1331), was detected in 1993 as a bright (0.2-2 keV flux of $(1.0 \pm 0.1) \times 10^{-12}$ erg s$^{-1}$ cm$^{-2}$), ultra-soft ($kT=0.11 \pm 0.03$ keV) X-ray flare from a quiescent galaxy ($z=0.05189$). During its fift...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Journal Article |
| Published: |
2023
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stad022 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/97226 |
| _version_ | 1848766242231418880 |
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| author | Malyali, A. Liu, Z. Rau, A. Grotova, I. Merloni, A. Goodwin, Adelle Anderson, Gemma Miller-Jones, James Kawka, A. Arcodia, R. Buchner, J. Nandra, K. Homan, D. Krumpe, M. |
| author_facet | Malyali, A. Liu, Z. Rau, A. Grotova, I. Merloni, A. Goodwin, Adelle Anderson, Gemma Miller-Jones, James Kawka, A. Arcodia, R. Buchner, J. Nandra, K. Homan, D. Krumpe, M. |
| author_sort | Malyali, A. |
| building | Curtin Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | The ROSAT-selected tidal disruption event (TDE) candidate RX
J133157.6-324319.7 (J1331), was detected in 1993 as a bright (0.2-2 keV flux of
$(1.0 \pm 0.1) \times 10^{-12}$ erg s$^{-1}$ cm$^{-2}$), ultra-soft ($kT=0.11
\pm 0.03$ keV) X-ray flare from a quiescent galaxy ($z=0.05189$). During its
fifth All-Sky survey (eRASS5) in 2022, SRG/eROSITA detected the repeated
flaring of J1331, where it had rebrightened to an observed 0.2-2 keV flux of
$(6.0 \pm 0.7) \times 10^{-13}$ erg s$^{-1}$ cm$^{-2}$, with spectral
properties ($kT=0.115 \pm 0.007$ keV) consistent with the ROSAT-observed flare
$\sim$30 years earlier. In this work, we report on X-ray, UV, optical, and
radio observations of this system. During a pointed XMM observation $\sim$17
days after the eRASS5 detection, J1331 was not detected in the 0.2-2 keV band,
constraining the 0.2-2 keV flux to have decayed by a factor of $\gtrsim$40 over
this period. Given the extremely low probability ($\sim5\times 10^{-6}$) of
observing two independent full TDEs from the same galaxy over a 30 year period,
we consider the variability seen in J1331 to be likely caused by two partial
TDEs involving a star on an elliptical orbit around a black hole. J1331-like
flares show faster rise and decay timescales ($\mathcal{O}(\mathrm{days})$)
compared to standard TDE candidates, with neglible ongoing accretion at late
times post-disruption between outbursts. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-14T11:48:02Z |
| format | Journal Article |
| id | curtin-20.500.11937-97226 |
| institution | Curtin University Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-14T11:48:02Z |
| publishDate | 2023 |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | curtin-20.500.11937-972262025-02-27T14:08:19Z The rebrightening of a ROSAT-selected tidal disruption event: repeated weak partial disruption flares from a quiescent galaxy? Malyali, A. Liu, Z. Rau, A. Grotova, I. Merloni, A. Goodwin, Adelle Anderson, Gemma Miller-Jones, James Kawka, A. Arcodia, R. Buchner, J. Nandra, K. Homan, D. Krumpe, M. astro-ph.HE astro-ph.HE The ROSAT-selected tidal disruption event (TDE) candidate RX J133157.6-324319.7 (J1331), was detected in 1993 as a bright (0.2-2 keV flux of $(1.0 \pm 0.1) \times 10^{-12}$ erg s$^{-1}$ cm$^{-2}$), ultra-soft ($kT=0.11 \pm 0.03$ keV) X-ray flare from a quiescent galaxy ($z=0.05189$). During its fifth All-Sky survey (eRASS5) in 2022, SRG/eROSITA detected the repeated flaring of J1331, where it had rebrightened to an observed 0.2-2 keV flux of $(6.0 \pm 0.7) \times 10^{-13}$ erg s$^{-1}$ cm$^{-2}$, with spectral properties ($kT=0.115 \pm 0.007$ keV) consistent with the ROSAT-observed flare $\sim$30 years earlier. In this work, we report on X-ray, UV, optical, and radio observations of this system. During a pointed XMM observation $\sim$17 days after the eRASS5 detection, J1331 was not detected in the 0.2-2 keV band, constraining the 0.2-2 keV flux to have decayed by a factor of $\gtrsim$40 over this period. Given the extremely low probability ($\sim5\times 10^{-6}$) of observing two independent full TDEs from the same galaxy over a 30 year period, we consider the variability seen in J1331 to be likely caused by two partial TDEs involving a star on an elliptical orbit around a black hole. J1331-like flares show faster rise and decay timescales ($\mathcal{O}(\mathrm{days})$) compared to standard TDE candidates, with neglible ongoing accretion at late times post-disruption between outbursts. 2023 Journal Article http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/97226 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stad022 unknown |
| spellingShingle | astro-ph.HE astro-ph.HE Malyali, A. Liu, Z. Rau, A. Grotova, I. Merloni, A. Goodwin, Adelle Anderson, Gemma Miller-Jones, James Kawka, A. Arcodia, R. Buchner, J. Nandra, K. Homan, D. Krumpe, M. The rebrightening of a ROSAT-selected tidal disruption event: repeated weak partial disruption flares from a quiescent galaxy? |
| title | The rebrightening of a ROSAT-selected tidal disruption event: repeated
weak partial disruption flares from a quiescent galaxy? |
| title_full | The rebrightening of a ROSAT-selected tidal disruption event: repeated
weak partial disruption flares from a quiescent galaxy? |
| title_fullStr | The rebrightening of a ROSAT-selected tidal disruption event: repeated
weak partial disruption flares from a quiescent galaxy? |
| title_full_unstemmed | The rebrightening of a ROSAT-selected tidal disruption event: repeated
weak partial disruption flares from a quiescent galaxy? |
| title_short | The rebrightening of a ROSAT-selected tidal disruption event: repeated
weak partial disruption flares from a quiescent galaxy? |
| title_sort | rebrightening of a rosat-selected tidal disruption event: repeated
weak partial disruption flares from a quiescent galaxy? |
| topic | astro-ph.HE astro-ph.HE |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stad022 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/97226 |