Social determinants of health and diabetes self-care management in South Africa

Objective: Diabetes is an incapacitating condition affecting millions of people in South Africa. Maintaining optimal glycaemic control is crucial in preventing diabetes complications, highlighting the importance of diabetes self-care. This study examined how Social Determinants of Health (SDoH) are...

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Main Authors: Hellebo, A., Kengne, A.P., Obse, A., Levitt, N., Myers, Bronwyn, Cleary, S., Alaba, O.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: 2024
Subjects:
Online Access:http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/96586
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author Hellebo, A.
Kengne, A.P.
Obse, A.
Levitt, N.
Myers, Bronwyn
Cleary, S.
Alaba, O.
author_facet Hellebo, A.
Kengne, A.P.
Obse, A.
Levitt, N.
Myers, Bronwyn
Cleary, S.
Alaba, O.
author_sort Hellebo, A.
building Curtin Institutional Repository
collection Online Access
description Objective: Diabetes is an incapacitating condition affecting millions of people in South Africa. Maintaining optimal glycaemic control is crucial in preventing diabetes complications, highlighting the importance of diabetes self-care. This study examined how Social Determinants of Health (SDoH) are associated with self-care management practices in individuals with diabetes in South Africa using the framework developed by the Healthy People 2020 initiative. Methods: This study utilised cross-sectional Project Mind baseline data collected in 2017. Self-care management was coded on a scale from ‘0’ (never) to ‘7’ (daily adherence). For analysis, this scale was dichotomised into two categories: low self-care (scores 0–5) and high self-care (scores 6–7). Furthermore, adherence with these daily self-care activities was categorised into three levels: no adherence, partial adherence (inconsistent or partial adherence to activities), and full adherence (consistent adherence to all self-care activities). Results: The analytical sample (n = 539) was predominantly female (76%), with a mean age of 54 years, urban residents (60%), unemployed (70%), and attained secondary education (11.3%). In determining the attainment of a higher scale of self-care, age (AOR = 1.02, CI=[0.99,1.05]) and secondary education (AOR = 1.13, CI=[1.02, 2.03]) were associated with an increase in the scale of self-care. Conversely, urban residency (AOR = 0.50, CI=[0.29,0.88]) and being obese (AOR = 0.43, CI=[0.19,1.00]) were associated with a lower scale of self-care. Although not statistically robust, food insecurity decreased while being a woman and having a stable house showed an increased association. Travelling longer distances to access healthcare was positively associated with no adherence, and urban residency has a negative association with full adherence relative to partial adherence. Conclusions: The associations between SDoH and diabetes self-care management within a South African context highlight the need for a more holistic understanding and approach to interventions. Future endeavours should examine these determinants more broadly and formulate integrative strategies to ameliorate diabetes self-care.
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publishDate 2024
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spelling curtin-20.500.11937-965862025-01-23T05:51:30Z Social determinants of health and diabetes self-care management in South Africa Hellebo, A. Kengne, A.P. Obse, A. Levitt, N. Myers, Bronwyn Cleary, S. Alaba, O. Humans South Africa Female Male Social Determinants of Health Middle Aged Cross-Sectional Studies Self Care Adult Diabetes Mellitus Aged Humans Diabetes Mellitus Self Care Cross-Sectional Studies Adult Aged Middle Aged South Africa Female Male Social Determinants of Health Objective: Diabetes is an incapacitating condition affecting millions of people in South Africa. Maintaining optimal glycaemic control is crucial in preventing diabetes complications, highlighting the importance of diabetes self-care. This study examined how Social Determinants of Health (SDoH) are associated with self-care management practices in individuals with diabetes in South Africa using the framework developed by the Healthy People 2020 initiative. Methods: This study utilised cross-sectional Project Mind baseline data collected in 2017. Self-care management was coded on a scale from ‘0’ (never) to ‘7’ (daily adherence). For analysis, this scale was dichotomised into two categories: low self-care (scores 0–5) and high self-care (scores 6–7). Furthermore, adherence with these daily self-care activities was categorised into three levels: no adherence, partial adherence (inconsistent or partial adherence to activities), and full adherence (consistent adherence to all self-care activities). Results: The analytical sample (n = 539) was predominantly female (76%), with a mean age of 54 years, urban residents (60%), unemployed (70%), and attained secondary education (11.3%). In determining the attainment of a higher scale of self-care, age (AOR = 1.02, CI=[0.99,1.05]) and secondary education (AOR = 1.13, CI=[1.02, 2.03]) were associated with an increase in the scale of self-care. Conversely, urban residency (AOR = 0.50, CI=[0.29,0.88]) and being obese (AOR = 0.43, CI=[0.19,1.00]) were associated with a lower scale of self-care. Although not statistically robust, food insecurity decreased while being a woman and having a stable house showed an increased association. Travelling longer distances to access healthcare was positively associated with no adherence, and urban residency has a negative association with full adherence relative to partial adherence. Conclusions: The associations between SDoH and diabetes self-care management within a South African context highlight the need for a more holistic understanding and approach to interventions. Future endeavours should examine these determinants more broadly and formulate integrative strategies to ameliorate diabetes self-care. 2024 Journal Article http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/96586 10.1186/s12889-024-20200-w eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ fulltext
spellingShingle Humans
South Africa
Female
Male
Social Determinants of Health
Middle Aged
Cross-Sectional Studies
Self Care
Adult
Diabetes Mellitus
Aged
Humans
Diabetes Mellitus
Self Care
Cross-Sectional Studies
Adult
Aged
Middle Aged
South Africa
Female
Male
Social Determinants of Health
Hellebo, A.
Kengne, A.P.
Obse, A.
Levitt, N.
Myers, Bronwyn
Cleary, S.
Alaba, O.
Social determinants of health and diabetes self-care management in South Africa
title Social determinants of health and diabetes self-care management in South Africa
title_full Social determinants of health and diabetes self-care management in South Africa
title_fullStr Social determinants of health and diabetes self-care management in South Africa
title_full_unstemmed Social determinants of health and diabetes self-care management in South Africa
title_short Social determinants of health and diabetes self-care management in South Africa
title_sort social determinants of health and diabetes self-care management in south africa
topic Humans
South Africa
Female
Male
Social Determinants of Health
Middle Aged
Cross-Sectional Studies
Self Care
Adult
Diabetes Mellitus
Aged
Humans
Diabetes Mellitus
Self Care
Cross-Sectional Studies
Adult
Aged
Middle Aged
South Africa
Female
Male
Social Determinants of Health
url http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/96586