The relationship between different measures of fear learning following tests for reinstatement and spontaneous recovery of extinguished conditioned fear

Exposure therapy, which is based on extinction in Pavlovian conditioning, is effective in the treatment of anxiety disorders. However, a return of fear (relapse) can occur after treatment. Reinstatement and spontaneous recovery provide two explanations for return of fear. These mechanisms can be dif...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Neumann, D., Lipp, Ottmar, McHugh, M.
Format: Book Chapter
Published: Nova Science Publishers, Inc. 2012
Online Access:http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/9572
_version_ 1848745988752146432
author Neumann, D.
Lipp, Ottmar
McHugh, M.
author_facet Neumann, D.
Lipp, Ottmar
McHugh, M.
author_sort Neumann, D.
building Curtin Institutional Repository
collection Online Access
description Exposure therapy, which is based on extinction in Pavlovian conditioning, is effective in the treatment of anxiety disorders. However, a return of fear (relapse) can occur after treatment. Reinstatement and spontaneous recovery provide two explanations for return of fear. These mechanisms can be difficult to investigate in real-world clinical contexts for practical or ethical reasons. The present research used a laboratory-based fear learning task to examine reinstatement and spontaneous recovery using different measures of fear learning. A differential fear conditioning procedure was used. In acquisition, one conditional stimulus (CS+) was paired with a shock unconditional stimulus (US) and a CS- was presented alone. Both CS+ and CS- were presented alone during extinction. Presentations of the US (reinstatement) or a time delay (spontaneous recovery) were given prior to test trials. During test, shock expectancy was greater for CS+ than CS- for reinstatement and was non-differential, although higher than at the end of extinction, for spontaneous recovery. The CS+ was rated as more unpleasant, more arousing, and more dominating than the CS- for both procedures. Skin conductance responses did not differ between the CS+ and CS-. The results show dissociations between the measures that may reflect differential sensitivity to the learning processes that underlie the return of fear. The application of the results for understanding the possible mechanisms for relapse following exposure therapy for anxiety disorders is discussed. © 2012 by Nova Science Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved.
first_indexed 2025-11-14T06:26:06Z
format Book Chapter
id curtin-20.500.11937-9572
institution Curtin University Malaysia
institution_category Local University
last_indexed 2025-11-14T06:26:06Z
publishDate 2012
publisher Nova Science Publishers, Inc.
recordtype eprints
repository_type Digital Repository
spelling curtin-20.500.11937-95722017-01-30T11:13:36Z The relationship between different measures of fear learning following tests for reinstatement and spontaneous recovery of extinguished conditioned fear Neumann, D. Lipp, Ottmar McHugh, M. Exposure therapy, which is based on extinction in Pavlovian conditioning, is effective in the treatment of anxiety disorders. However, a return of fear (relapse) can occur after treatment. Reinstatement and spontaneous recovery provide two explanations for return of fear. These mechanisms can be difficult to investigate in real-world clinical contexts for practical or ethical reasons. The present research used a laboratory-based fear learning task to examine reinstatement and spontaneous recovery using different measures of fear learning. A differential fear conditioning procedure was used. In acquisition, one conditional stimulus (CS+) was paired with a shock unconditional stimulus (US) and a CS- was presented alone. Both CS+ and CS- were presented alone during extinction. Presentations of the US (reinstatement) or a time delay (spontaneous recovery) were given prior to test trials. During test, shock expectancy was greater for CS+ than CS- for reinstatement and was non-differential, although higher than at the end of extinction, for spontaneous recovery. The CS+ was rated as more unpleasant, more arousing, and more dominating than the CS- for both procedures. Skin conductance responses did not differ between the CS+ and CS-. The results show dissociations between the measures that may reflect differential sensitivity to the learning processes that underlie the return of fear. The application of the results for understanding the possible mechanisms for relapse following exposure therapy for anxiety disorders is discussed. © 2012 by Nova Science Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved. 2012 Book Chapter http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/9572 Nova Science Publishers, Inc. restricted
spellingShingle Neumann, D.
Lipp, Ottmar
McHugh, M.
The relationship between different measures of fear learning following tests for reinstatement and spontaneous recovery of extinguished conditioned fear
title The relationship between different measures of fear learning following tests for reinstatement and spontaneous recovery of extinguished conditioned fear
title_full The relationship between different measures of fear learning following tests for reinstatement and spontaneous recovery of extinguished conditioned fear
title_fullStr The relationship between different measures of fear learning following tests for reinstatement and spontaneous recovery of extinguished conditioned fear
title_full_unstemmed The relationship between different measures of fear learning following tests for reinstatement and spontaneous recovery of extinguished conditioned fear
title_short The relationship between different measures of fear learning following tests for reinstatement and spontaneous recovery of extinguished conditioned fear
title_sort relationship between different measures of fear learning following tests for reinstatement and spontaneous recovery of extinguished conditioned fear
url http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/9572