Effect of carbamide peroxide on biomechanical properties of vacuum-formed retainers: A split-mouth randomized controlled trial
Objective: To investigate the effect of tooth whitening on biomechanical properties of vacuum-formed retainers (VFRs). Methods: Using a split-mouth, randomised controlled trial design, thirty participants were randomly allocated to receive whitening on either the upper or the lower arch, using 10 %...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
2024
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| Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/94902 |
| _version_ | 1848765941354070016 |
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| author | Jin, C. Gray, A.R. Brunton, Paul Farella, M. Mei, L. |
| author_facet | Jin, C. Gray, A.R. Brunton, Paul Farella, M. Mei, L. |
| author_sort | Jin, C. |
| building | Curtin Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Objective: To investigate the effect of tooth whitening on biomechanical properties of vacuum-formed retainers (VFRs). Methods: Using a split-mouth, randomised controlled trial design, thirty participants were randomly allocated to receive whitening on either the upper or the lower arch, using 10 % carbamide peroxide for two weeks. Biomechanical properties such as hardness, tensile strength, and surface roughness were assessed two weeks after whitening was completed. Results: Tensile strength of the whitening arch (mean ± SD: 40.93 ± 3.96 MPa) was significantly lower than that of the control (47.40 ± 5.03 MPa) (difference 6.47 MPa, 95 % CI 4.51 – 8.42, p < 0.001). Hardness and internal roughness of the whitening arch (VHN = 14.63 ± 2.29 N/mm2 and Ra = 1.33 ± 0.35 µm, respectively) were significantly greater than those of the control (12.22 ± 1.86 N/mm2 and 0.96 ± 0.29 µm, respectively) (differences 2.41 N/mm2, 95 % CI 1.56 – 3.25, p < 0.001 and 0.37 µm, 95 % CI 0.23 – 0.51, p < 0.001, respectively). The whitening arch showed greater tooth colour change (ΔE = 6.00 ± 3.32) than the control (ΔE = 2.50 ± 1.70) (difference = 3.50, 95 % CI 2.43 – 4.56, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Based on this short-term study, marked tooth colour change was achieved by whitening with VFRs as the whitening trays, but this changed the VFRs’ biomechanical properties, including a decrease in tensile strength and an increase in hardness and internal roughness. Clinical significance: The application of carbamide peroxide in VFRs may compromise their mechanical properties. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-14T11:43:15Z |
| format | Journal Article |
| id | curtin-20.500.11937-94902 |
| institution | Curtin University Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | eng |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-14T11:43:15Z |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | curtin-20.500.11937-949022024-04-30T04:03:20Z Effect of carbamide peroxide on biomechanical properties of vacuum-formed retainers: A split-mouth randomized controlled trial Jin, C. Gray, A.R. Brunton, Paul Farella, M. Mei, L. Carbamide peroxide Clinical studies Orthodontic retainers Orthodontics Polyurethanes Tooth bleaching Humans Carbamide Peroxide Vacuum Tooth Bleaching Tooth Tooth Bleaching Agents Urea Peroxides Hydrogen Peroxide Drug Combinations Tooth Humans Peroxides Hydrogen Peroxide Urea Drug Combinations Tooth Bleaching Vacuum Tooth Bleaching Agents Carbamide Peroxide Objective: To investigate the effect of tooth whitening on biomechanical properties of vacuum-formed retainers (VFRs). Methods: Using a split-mouth, randomised controlled trial design, thirty participants were randomly allocated to receive whitening on either the upper or the lower arch, using 10 % carbamide peroxide for two weeks. Biomechanical properties such as hardness, tensile strength, and surface roughness were assessed two weeks after whitening was completed. Results: Tensile strength of the whitening arch (mean ± SD: 40.93 ± 3.96 MPa) was significantly lower than that of the control (47.40 ± 5.03 MPa) (difference 6.47 MPa, 95 % CI 4.51 – 8.42, p < 0.001). Hardness and internal roughness of the whitening arch (VHN = 14.63 ± 2.29 N/mm2 and Ra = 1.33 ± 0.35 µm, respectively) were significantly greater than those of the control (12.22 ± 1.86 N/mm2 and 0.96 ± 0.29 µm, respectively) (differences 2.41 N/mm2, 95 % CI 1.56 – 3.25, p < 0.001 and 0.37 µm, 95 % CI 0.23 – 0.51, p < 0.001, respectively). The whitening arch showed greater tooth colour change (ΔE = 6.00 ± 3.32) than the control (ΔE = 2.50 ± 1.70) (difference = 3.50, 95 % CI 2.43 – 4.56, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Based on this short-term study, marked tooth colour change was achieved by whitening with VFRs as the whitening trays, but this changed the VFRs’ biomechanical properties, including a decrease in tensile strength and an increase in hardness and internal roughness. Clinical significance: The application of carbamide peroxide in VFRs may compromise their mechanical properties. 2024 Journal Article http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/94902 10.1016/j.jdent.2024.104902 eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ fulltext |
| spellingShingle | Carbamide peroxide Clinical studies Orthodontic retainers Orthodontics Polyurethanes Tooth bleaching Humans Carbamide Peroxide Vacuum Tooth Bleaching Tooth Tooth Bleaching Agents Urea Peroxides Hydrogen Peroxide Drug Combinations Tooth Humans Peroxides Hydrogen Peroxide Urea Drug Combinations Tooth Bleaching Vacuum Tooth Bleaching Agents Carbamide Peroxide Jin, C. Gray, A.R. Brunton, Paul Farella, M. Mei, L. Effect of carbamide peroxide on biomechanical properties of vacuum-formed retainers: A split-mouth randomized controlled trial |
| title | Effect of carbamide peroxide on biomechanical properties of vacuum-formed retainers: A split-mouth randomized controlled trial |
| title_full | Effect of carbamide peroxide on biomechanical properties of vacuum-formed retainers: A split-mouth randomized controlled trial |
| title_fullStr | Effect of carbamide peroxide on biomechanical properties of vacuum-formed retainers: A split-mouth randomized controlled trial |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of carbamide peroxide on biomechanical properties of vacuum-formed retainers: A split-mouth randomized controlled trial |
| title_short | Effect of carbamide peroxide on biomechanical properties of vacuum-formed retainers: A split-mouth randomized controlled trial |
| title_sort | effect of carbamide peroxide on biomechanical properties of vacuum-formed retainers: a split-mouth randomized controlled trial |
| topic | Carbamide peroxide Clinical studies Orthodontic retainers Orthodontics Polyurethanes Tooth bleaching Humans Carbamide Peroxide Vacuum Tooth Bleaching Tooth Tooth Bleaching Agents Urea Peroxides Hydrogen Peroxide Drug Combinations Tooth Humans Peroxides Hydrogen Peroxide Urea Drug Combinations Tooth Bleaching Vacuum Tooth Bleaching Agents Carbamide Peroxide |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/94902 |