A longitudinal investigation of non-suicidal self-injury persistence patterns, risk factors, and clinical outcomes during the college period

Background Although non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is known typically to begin in adolescence, longitudinal information is lacking about patterns, predictors, and clinical outcomes of NSSI persistence among emerging adults. The present study was designed to (1) estimate NSSI persistence during the...

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Main Authors: Kiekens, G., Claes, L., Hasking, Penelope, Mortier, P., Bootsma, E., Boyes, Mark, Myin-Germeys, I., Demyttenaere, K., Cuijpers, P., Kessler, R.C., Nock, M.K., Bruffaerts, R.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS 2023
Subjects:
Online Access:http://purl.org/au-research/grants/nhmrc/1173043
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/93744
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author Kiekens, G.
Claes, L.
Hasking, Penelope
Mortier, P.
Bootsma, E.
Boyes, Mark
Myin-Germeys, I.
Demyttenaere, K.
Cuijpers, P.
Kessler, R.C.
Nock, M.K.
Bruffaerts, R.
author_facet Kiekens, G.
Claes, L.
Hasking, Penelope
Mortier, P.
Bootsma, E.
Boyes, Mark
Myin-Germeys, I.
Demyttenaere, K.
Cuijpers, P.
Kessler, R.C.
Nock, M.K.
Bruffaerts, R.
author_sort Kiekens, G.
building Curtin Institutional Repository
collection Online Access
description Background Although non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is known typically to begin in adolescence, longitudinal information is lacking about patterns, predictors, and clinical outcomes of NSSI persistence among emerging adults. The present study was designed to (1) estimate NSSI persistence during the college period, (2) identify risk factors and high-risk students for NSSI persistence patterns, and (3) evaluate the association with future mental disorders and suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STB). Methods Using prospective cohorts from the Leuven College Surveys (n = 5915), part of the World Mental Health International College Student Initiative, web-based surveys assessed mental health and psychosocial problems at college entrance and three annual follow-up assessments. Results Approximately one in five (20.4%) students reported lifetime NSSI at college entrance. NSSI persistence was estimated at 56.4%, with 15.6% reporting a high-frequency repetitive pattern (≥five times yearly). Many hypothesized risk factors were associated with repetitive NSSI persistence, with the most potent effects observed for pre-college NSSI characteristics. Multivariate models suggest that an intervention focusing on the 10-20% at the highest predicted risk could effectively reach 34.9-56.7% of students with high-frequency repetitive NSSI persistence (PPV = 81.8-93.4, AUC = 0.88-0.91). Repetitive NSSI persistence during the first two college years predicted 12-month mental disorders, role impairment, and STB during the third college year, including suicide attempts. Conclusions Most emerging adults with a history of NSSI report persistent self-injury during their college years. Web-based screening may be a promising approach for detecting students at risk for a highly persistent NSSI pattern characterized by subsequent adverse outcomes.
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spelling curtin-20.500.11937-937442023-12-21T01:56:59Z A longitudinal investigation of non-suicidal self-injury persistence patterns, risk factors, and clinical outcomes during the college period Kiekens, G. Claes, L. Hasking, Penelope Mortier, P. Bootsma, E. Boyes, Mark Myin-Germeys, I. Demyttenaere, K. Cuijpers, P. Kessler, R.C. Nock, M.K. Bruffaerts, R. Social Sciences Science & Technology Life Sciences & Biomedicine Psychology, Clinical Psychiatry Psychology College period emerging adulthood mental disorders non-suicidal self-injury persistence suicidal thoughts and behaviors INTERVIEW SCREENING SCALES IDENTIFICATION TEST AUDIT MENTAL-HEALTH LOGISTIC-REGRESSION BEHAVIORS INTERVIEW SUICIDAL THOUGHTS PREVALENCE METAANALYSIS DISORDERS INTERVENTIONS College period emerging adulthood mental disorders non-suicidal self-injury persistence suicidal thoughts and behaviors Adult Adolescent Humans Prospective Studies Self-Injurious Behavior Suicide, Attempted Risk Factors Mental Disorders Suicidal Ideation Humans Risk Factors Prospective Studies Self-Injurious Behavior Suicide, Attempted Mental Disorders Adolescent Adult Suicidal Ideation Background Although non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is known typically to begin in adolescence, longitudinal information is lacking about patterns, predictors, and clinical outcomes of NSSI persistence among emerging adults. The present study was designed to (1) estimate NSSI persistence during the college period, (2) identify risk factors and high-risk students for NSSI persistence patterns, and (3) evaluate the association with future mental disorders and suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STB). Methods Using prospective cohorts from the Leuven College Surveys (n = 5915), part of the World Mental Health International College Student Initiative, web-based surveys assessed mental health and psychosocial problems at college entrance and three annual follow-up assessments. Results Approximately one in five (20.4%) students reported lifetime NSSI at college entrance. NSSI persistence was estimated at 56.4%, with 15.6% reporting a high-frequency repetitive pattern (≥five times yearly). Many hypothesized risk factors were associated with repetitive NSSI persistence, with the most potent effects observed for pre-college NSSI characteristics. Multivariate models suggest that an intervention focusing on the 10-20% at the highest predicted risk could effectively reach 34.9-56.7% of students with high-frequency repetitive NSSI persistence (PPV = 81.8-93.4, AUC = 0.88-0.91). Repetitive NSSI persistence during the first two college years predicted 12-month mental disorders, role impairment, and STB during the third college year, including suicide attempts. Conclusions Most emerging adults with a history of NSSI report persistent self-injury during their college years. Web-based screening may be a promising approach for detecting students at risk for a highly persistent NSSI pattern characterized by subsequent adverse outcomes. 2023 Journal Article http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/93744 10.1017/S0033291722003178 English http://purl.org/au-research/grants/nhmrc/1173043 CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS fulltext
spellingShingle Social Sciences
Science & Technology
Life Sciences & Biomedicine
Psychology, Clinical
Psychiatry
Psychology
College period
emerging adulthood
mental disorders
non-suicidal self-injury
persistence
suicidal thoughts and behaviors
INTERVIEW SCREENING SCALES
IDENTIFICATION TEST AUDIT
MENTAL-HEALTH
LOGISTIC-REGRESSION
BEHAVIORS INTERVIEW
SUICIDAL THOUGHTS
PREVALENCE
METAANALYSIS
DISORDERS
INTERVENTIONS
College period
emerging adulthood
mental disorders
non-suicidal self-injury
persistence
suicidal thoughts and behaviors
Adult
Adolescent
Humans
Prospective Studies
Self-Injurious Behavior
Suicide, Attempted
Risk Factors
Mental Disorders
Suicidal Ideation
Humans
Risk Factors
Prospective Studies
Self-Injurious Behavior
Suicide, Attempted
Mental Disorders
Adolescent
Adult
Suicidal Ideation
Kiekens, G.
Claes, L.
Hasking, Penelope
Mortier, P.
Bootsma, E.
Boyes, Mark
Myin-Germeys, I.
Demyttenaere, K.
Cuijpers, P.
Kessler, R.C.
Nock, M.K.
Bruffaerts, R.
A longitudinal investigation of non-suicidal self-injury persistence patterns, risk factors, and clinical outcomes during the college period
title A longitudinal investigation of non-suicidal self-injury persistence patterns, risk factors, and clinical outcomes during the college period
title_full A longitudinal investigation of non-suicidal self-injury persistence patterns, risk factors, and clinical outcomes during the college period
title_fullStr A longitudinal investigation of non-suicidal self-injury persistence patterns, risk factors, and clinical outcomes during the college period
title_full_unstemmed A longitudinal investigation of non-suicidal self-injury persistence patterns, risk factors, and clinical outcomes during the college period
title_short A longitudinal investigation of non-suicidal self-injury persistence patterns, risk factors, and clinical outcomes during the college period
title_sort longitudinal investigation of non-suicidal self-injury persistence patterns, risk factors, and clinical outcomes during the college period
topic Social Sciences
Science & Technology
Life Sciences & Biomedicine
Psychology, Clinical
Psychiatry
Psychology
College period
emerging adulthood
mental disorders
non-suicidal self-injury
persistence
suicidal thoughts and behaviors
INTERVIEW SCREENING SCALES
IDENTIFICATION TEST AUDIT
MENTAL-HEALTH
LOGISTIC-REGRESSION
BEHAVIORS INTERVIEW
SUICIDAL THOUGHTS
PREVALENCE
METAANALYSIS
DISORDERS
INTERVENTIONS
College period
emerging adulthood
mental disorders
non-suicidal self-injury
persistence
suicidal thoughts and behaviors
Adult
Adolescent
Humans
Prospective Studies
Self-Injurious Behavior
Suicide, Attempted
Risk Factors
Mental Disorders
Suicidal Ideation
Humans
Risk Factors
Prospective Studies
Self-Injurious Behavior
Suicide, Attempted
Mental Disorders
Adolescent
Adult
Suicidal Ideation
url http://purl.org/au-research/grants/nhmrc/1173043
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/93744