The Evolution of Diagnostic Techniques in the Paleopathology of Tuberculosis: A Scoping Review

Tuberculosis (TB) is an ancient chronic infectious disease that remains a global health concern. In human remains, the most common and characteristic clinical signs are the skeletal modifications involving the spine, such as in Pott’s disease. Diagnosing TB in ancient human remains is challenging. T...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Papa, Veronica, Galassi, Francesco Maria, Varotto, Elena, Gori, Andrea, Vaccarezza, Mauro
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Pathogens and Immunity Case Western Reserve University Division of Infectious Diseases 10900 Euclid Ave. Mailstop 4984 Cleveland, OH 44106 2023
Subjects:
Online Access:http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/93648
_version_ 1848765760992706560
author Papa, Veronica
Galassi, Francesco Maria
Varotto, Elena
Gori, Andrea
Vaccarezza, Mauro
author_facet Papa, Veronica
Galassi, Francesco Maria
Varotto, Elena
Gori, Andrea
Vaccarezza, Mauro
author_sort Papa, Veronica
building Curtin Institutional Repository
collection Online Access
description Tuberculosis (TB) is an ancient chronic infectious disease that remains a global health concern. In human remains, the most common and characteristic clinical signs are the skeletal modifications involving the spine, such as in Pott’s disease. Diagnosing TB in ancient human remains is challenging. Therefore, in this systematic review, the authors investigated the studies assessing molecular diagnosis of Pott’s disease in ancient human remains with the intention to survey the literature, map the evidence, and identify gaps and future perspectives on TB in paleopathology. Our systematic review offers a full contextualization of the history of Pott’s disease in ancient times. Our search strategy was performed between August 2022 and March 2023. The authors initially identified 340 records, and 74 studies were finally included and assessed for qualitative analysis. Due to non-specific clinical signs associated with TB, how best to diagnose tuberculosis in human remains still represents a central point. Nevertheless, ancient DNA (aDNA) analysis, lipid biomarkers, and spoligotyping might be extremely useful tools in the study of TB in human remains. Moreover, we propose the extraction and study of immune response genes involved in innate and adaptive immunity versus Mycobacterium spp. as an innovative and vastly overlooked approach in TB paleopathology. Complementary methodologies should be integrated to provide the best approach to the study of TB in human remains.
first_indexed 2025-11-14T11:40:23Z
format Journal Article
id curtin-20.500.11937-93648
institution Curtin University Malaysia
institution_category Local University
language English
last_indexed 2025-11-14T11:40:23Z
publishDate 2023
publisher Pathogens and Immunity Case Western Reserve University Division of Infectious Diseases 10900 Euclid Ave. Mailstop 4984 Cleveland, OH 44106
recordtype eprints
repository_type Digital Repository
spelling curtin-20.500.11937-936482023-11-15T05:46:36Z The Evolution of Diagnostic Techniques in the Paleopathology of Tuberculosis: A Scoping Review Papa, Veronica Galassi, Francesco Maria Varotto, Elena Gori, Andrea Vaccarezza, Mauro Tuberculosis spondylodiscitis; ancient DNA; Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Complex (MTBC); human remains Tuberculosis (TB) is an ancient chronic infectious disease that remains a global health concern. In human remains, the most common and characteristic clinical signs are the skeletal modifications involving the spine, such as in Pott’s disease. Diagnosing TB in ancient human remains is challenging. Therefore, in this systematic review, the authors investigated the studies assessing molecular diagnosis of Pott’s disease in ancient human remains with the intention to survey the literature, map the evidence, and identify gaps and future perspectives on TB in paleopathology. Our systematic review offers a full contextualization of the history of Pott’s disease in ancient times. Our search strategy was performed between August 2022 and March 2023. The authors initially identified 340 records, and 74 studies were finally included and assessed for qualitative analysis. Due to non-specific clinical signs associated with TB, how best to diagnose tuberculosis in human remains still represents a central point. Nevertheless, ancient DNA (aDNA) analysis, lipid biomarkers, and spoligotyping might be extremely useful tools in the study of TB in human remains. Moreover, we propose the extraction and study of immune response genes involved in innate and adaptive immunity versus Mycobacterium spp. as an innovative and vastly overlooked approach in TB paleopathology. Complementary methodologies should be integrated to provide the best approach to the study of TB in human remains. 2023 Journal Article http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/93648 10.20411/pai.v8i1.597 English http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Pathogens and Immunity Case Western Reserve University Division of Infectious Diseases 10900 Euclid Ave. Mailstop 4984 Cleveland, OH 44106 fulltext
spellingShingle Tuberculosis
spondylodiscitis; ancient DNA; Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Complex (MTBC); human remains
Papa, Veronica
Galassi, Francesco Maria
Varotto, Elena
Gori, Andrea
Vaccarezza, Mauro
The Evolution of Diagnostic Techniques in the Paleopathology of Tuberculosis: A Scoping Review
title The Evolution of Diagnostic Techniques in the Paleopathology of Tuberculosis: A Scoping Review
title_full The Evolution of Diagnostic Techniques in the Paleopathology of Tuberculosis: A Scoping Review
title_fullStr The Evolution of Diagnostic Techniques in the Paleopathology of Tuberculosis: A Scoping Review
title_full_unstemmed The Evolution of Diagnostic Techniques in the Paleopathology of Tuberculosis: A Scoping Review
title_short The Evolution of Diagnostic Techniques in the Paleopathology of Tuberculosis: A Scoping Review
title_sort evolution of diagnostic techniques in the paleopathology of tuberculosis: a scoping review
topic Tuberculosis
spondylodiscitis; ancient DNA; Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Complex (MTBC); human remains
url http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/93648