Calibration and 21-cm power spectrum estimation in the presence of antenna beam variations

Detecting a signal from the Epoch of Reionization (EoR) requires an exquisite understanding of Galactic and extragalactic foregrounds, low-frequency radio instruments, instrumental calibration, and data analysis pipelines. In this work, we build upon existing work that aims to understand the impact...

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Main Authors: Joseph, R.C., Trott, Cathryn, Wayth, Randall, Nasirudin, A.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: OXFORD UNIV PRESS 2020
Subjects:
Online Access:http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/CE170100013
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/91567
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author Joseph, R.C.
Trott, Cathryn
Wayth, Randall
Nasirudin, A.
author_facet Joseph, R.C.
Trott, Cathryn
Wayth, Randall
Nasirudin, A.
author_sort Joseph, R.C.
building Curtin Institutional Repository
collection Online Access
description Detecting a signal from the Epoch of Reionization (EoR) requires an exquisite understanding of Galactic and extragalactic foregrounds, low-frequency radio instruments, instrumental calibration, and data analysis pipelines. In this work, we build upon existing work that aims to understand the impact of calibration errors on 21-cm power spectrum (PS) measurements. It is well established that calibration errors have the potential to inhibit EoR detections by introducing additional spectral features that mimic the structure of EoR signals. We present a straightforward way to estimate the impact of a wide variety of modelling residuals in EoR PS estimation. We apply this framework to the specific case of broken dipoles in Murchison Widefield Array (MWA) to understand its effect and estimate its impact on PS estimation. Combining an estimate of the percentage of MWA tiles that have at least one broken dipole (15-40 per cent) with an analytic description of beam errors induced by such dipoles, we compute the residuals of the foregrounds after calibration and source subtraction. We find that that incorrect beam modelling introduces bias in the 2D-PS on the order of ∼ 103 mK2 h−3 Mpc3. Although this is three orders of magnitude lower than current lowest limits, it is two orders of magnitude higher than the expected signal. Determining the accuracy of both current beam models and direction-dependent calibration pipelines is therefore crucial in our search for an EoR signal.
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spelling curtin-20.500.11937-915672023-05-11T03:30:50Z Calibration and 21-cm power spectrum estimation in the presence of antenna beam variations Joseph, R.C. Trott, Cathryn Wayth, Randall Nasirudin, A. Science & Technology Physical Sciences Astronomy & Astrophysics instrumentation: interferometers methods: statistical techniques: interferometric dark ages, reionization, first stars RADIO INTERFEROMETERS REIONIZATION SIMULATIONS EVOLUTION EPOCH ARRAY LINE astro-ph.IM astro-ph.IM astro-ph.CO Detecting a signal from the Epoch of Reionization (EoR) requires an exquisite understanding of Galactic and extragalactic foregrounds, low-frequency radio instruments, instrumental calibration, and data analysis pipelines. In this work, we build upon existing work that aims to understand the impact of calibration errors on 21-cm power spectrum (PS) measurements. It is well established that calibration errors have the potential to inhibit EoR detections by introducing additional spectral features that mimic the structure of EoR signals. We present a straightforward way to estimate the impact of a wide variety of modelling residuals in EoR PS estimation. We apply this framework to the specific case of broken dipoles in Murchison Widefield Array (MWA) to understand its effect and estimate its impact on PS estimation. Combining an estimate of the percentage of MWA tiles that have at least one broken dipole (15-40 per cent) with an analytic description of beam errors induced by such dipoles, we compute the residuals of the foregrounds after calibration and source subtraction. We find that that incorrect beam modelling introduces bias in the 2D-PS on the order of ∼ 103 mK2 h−3 Mpc3. Although this is three orders of magnitude lower than current lowest limits, it is two orders of magnitude higher than the expected signal. Determining the accuracy of both current beam models and direction-dependent calibration pipelines is therefore crucial in our search for an EoR signal. 2020 Journal Article http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/91567 10.1093/mnras/stz3375 English http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/CE170100013 http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/FT180100321 OXFORD UNIV PRESS fulltext
spellingShingle Science & Technology
Physical Sciences
Astronomy & Astrophysics
instrumentation: interferometers
methods: statistical
techniques: interferometric
dark ages, reionization, first stars
RADIO INTERFEROMETERS
REIONIZATION
SIMULATIONS
EVOLUTION
EPOCH
ARRAY
LINE
astro-ph.IM
astro-ph.IM
astro-ph.CO
Joseph, R.C.
Trott, Cathryn
Wayth, Randall
Nasirudin, A.
Calibration and 21-cm power spectrum estimation in the presence of antenna beam variations
title Calibration and 21-cm power spectrum estimation in the presence of antenna beam variations
title_full Calibration and 21-cm power spectrum estimation in the presence of antenna beam variations
title_fullStr Calibration and 21-cm power spectrum estimation in the presence of antenna beam variations
title_full_unstemmed Calibration and 21-cm power spectrum estimation in the presence of antenna beam variations
title_short Calibration and 21-cm power spectrum estimation in the presence of antenna beam variations
title_sort calibration and 21-cm power spectrum estimation in the presence of antenna beam variations
topic Science & Technology
Physical Sciences
Astronomy & Astrophysics
instrumentation: interferometers
methods: statistical
techniques: interferometric
dark ages, reionization, first stars
RADIO INTERFEROMETERS
REIONIZATION
SIMULATIONS
EVOLUTION
EPOCH
ARRAY
LINE
astro-ph.IM
astro-ph.IM
astro-ph.CO
url http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/CE170100013
http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/CE170100013
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/91567