Cardiovascular risk prediction in healthy older people

Identification of individuals with increased risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) is important. However, algorithms specific to the elderly are lacking. Data were analysed from a randomised trial involving 18,548 participants ≥ 70 years old (mean age 75.4 years), without prior cardiova...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Neumann, J.T., Thao, L.T.P., Callander, E., Chowdhury, Enayet, Williamson, J.D., Nelson, M.R., Donnan, G., Woods, R.L., Reid, Christopher, Poppe, K.K., Jackson, R., Tonkin, A.M., McNeil, J.J.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: SPRINGER 2022
Subjects:
Online Access:http://purl.org/au-research/grants/nhmrc/1136372
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/91330
_version_ 1848765509792694272
author Neumann, J.T.
Thao, L.T.P.
Callander, E.
Chowdhury, Enayet
Williamson, J.D.
Nelson, M.R.
Donnan, G.
Woods, R.L.
Reid, Christopher
Poppe, K.K.
Jackson, R.
Tonkin, A.M.
McNeil, J.J.
author_facet Neumann, J.T.
Thao, L.T.P.
Callander, E.
Chowdhury, Enayet
Williamson, J.D.
Nelson, M.R.
Donnan, G.
Woods, R.L.
Reid, Christopher
Poppe, K.K.
Jackson, R.
Tonkin, A.M.
McNeil, J.J.
author_sort Neumann, J.T.
building Curtin Institutional Repository
collection Online Access
description Identification of individuals with increased risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) is important. However, algorithms specific to the elderly are lacking. Data were analysed from a randomised trial involving 18,548 participants ≥ 70 years old (mean age 75.4 years), without prior cardiovascular disease events, dementia or physical disability. MACE included coronary heart disease death, fatal or nonfatal ischaemic stroke or myocardial infarction. Potential predictors tested were based on prior evidence and using a machine-learning approach. Cox regression analyses were used to calculate 5-year predicted risk, and discrimination evaluated from receiver operating characteristic curves. Calibration was also assessed, and the findings internally validated using bootstrapping. External validation was performed in 25,138 healthy, elderly individuals in the primary care environment. During median follow-up of 4.7 years, 594 MACE occurred. Predictors in the final model included age, sex, smoking, systolic blood pressure, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), non-HDL-c, serum creatinine, diabetes and intake of antihypertensive agents. With variable selection based on machine-learning, age, sex and creatinine were the most important predictors. The final model resulted in an area under the curve (AUC) of 68.1 (95% confidence intervals 65.9; 70.4). The model had an AUC of 67.5 in internal and 64.2 in external validation. The model rank-ordered risk well but underestimated absolute risk in the external validation cohort. A model predicting incident MACE in healthy, elderly individuals includes well-recognised, potentially reversible risk factors and notably, renal function. Calibration would be necessary when used in other populations.
first_indexed 2025-11-14T11:36:23Z
format Journal Article
id curtin-20.500.11937-91330
institution Curtin University Malaysia
institution_category Local University
language English
last_indexed 2025-11-14T11:36:23Z
publishDate 2022
publisher SPRINGER
recordtype eprints
repository_type Digital Repository
spelling curtin-20.500.11937-913302023-05-09T07:01:00Z Cardiovascular risk prediction in healthy older people Neumann, J.T. Thao, L.T.P. Callander, E. Chowdhury, Enayet Williamson, J.D. Nelson, M.R. Donnan, G. Woods, R.L. Reid, Christopher Poppe, K.K. Jackson, R. Tonkin, A.M. McNeil, J.J. Science & Technology Life Sciences & Biomedicine Geriatrics & Gerontology Risk prediction Major adverse cardiovascular event MACE Elderly Model Risk factors MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION LDL CHOLESTEROL DISEASE PREVENTION Elderly MACE Major adverse cardiovascular event Model Risk factors Risk prediction Aged Brain Ischemia Cardiovascular Diseases Heart Disease Risk Factors Humans Risk Factors Stroke Humans Brain Ischemia Cardiovascular Diseases Risk Factors Aged Stroke Heart Disease Risk Factors Identification of individuals with increased risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) is important. However, algorithms specific to the elderly are lacking. Data were analysed from a randomised trial involving 18,548 participants ≥ 70 years old (mean age 75.4 years), without prior cardiovascular disease events, dementia or physical disability. MACE included coronary heart disease death, fatal or nonfatal ischaemic stroke or myocardial infarction. Potential predictors tested were based on prior evidence and using a machine-learning approach. Cox regression analyses were used to calculate 5-year predicted risk, and discrimination evaluated from receiver operating characteristic curves. Calibration was also assessed, and the findings internally validated using bootstrapping. External validation was performed in 25,138 healthy, elderly individuals in the primary care environment. During median follow-up of 4.7 years, 594 MACE occurred. Predictors in the final model included age, sex, smoking, systolic blood pressure, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), non-HDL-c, serum creatinine, diabetes and intake of antihypertensive agents. With variable selection based on machine-learning, age, sex and creatinine were the most important predictors. The final model resulted in an area under the curve (AUC) of 68.1 (95% confidence intervals 65.9; 70.4). The model had an AUC of 67.5 in internal and 64.2 in external validation. The model rank-ordered risk well but underestimated absolute risk in the external validation cohort. A model predicting incident MACE in healthy, elderly individuals includes well-recognised, potentially reversible risk factors and notably, renal function. Calibration would be necessary when used in other populations. 2022 Journal Article http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/91330 10.1007/s11357-021-00486-z English http://purl.org/au-research/grants/nhmrc/1136372 http://purl.org/au-research/grants/nhmrc/1127060 http://purl.org/au-research/grants/nhmrc/334047 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ SPRINGER fulltext
spellingShingle Science & Technology
Life Sciences & Biomedicine
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Risk prediction
Major adverse cardiovascular event
MACE
Elderly
Model
Risk factors
MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION
LDL CHOLESTEROL
DISEASE
PREVENTION
Elderly
MACE
Major adverse cardiovascular event
Model
Risk factors
Risk prediction
Aged
Brain Ischemia
Cardiovascular Diseases
Heart Disease Risk Factors
Humans
Risk Factors
Stroke
Humans
Brain Ischemia
Cardiovascular Diseases
Risk Factors
Aged
Stroke
Heart Disease Risk Factors
Neumann, J.T.
Thao, L.T.P.
Callander, E.
Chowdhury, Enayet
Williamson, J.D.
Nelson, M.R.
Donnan, G.
Woods, R.L.
Reid, Christopher
Poppe, K.K.
Jackson, R.
Tonkin, A.M.
McNeil, J.J.
Cardiovascular risk prediction in healthy older people
title Cardiovascular risk prediction in healthy older people
title_full Cardiovascular risk prediction in healthy older people
title_fullStr Cardiovascular risk prediction in healthy older people
title_full_unstemmed Cardiovascular risk prediction in healthy older people
title_short Cardiovascular risk prediction in healthy older people
title_sort cardiovascular risk prediction in healthy older people
topic Science & Technology
Life Sciences & Biomedicine
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Risk prediction
Major adverse cardiovascular event
MACE
Elderly
Model
Risk factors
MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION
LDL CHOLESTEROL
DISEASE
PREVENTION
Elderly
MACE
Major adverse cardiovascular event
Model
Risk factors
Risk prediction
Aged
Brain Ischemia
Cardiovascular Diseases
Heart Disease Risk Factors
Humans
Risk Factors
Stroke
Humans
Brain Ischemia
Cardiovascular Diseases
Risk Factors
Aged
Stroke
Heart Disease Risk Factors
url http://purl.org/au-research/grants/nhmrc/1136372
http://purl.org/au-research/grants/nhmrc/1136372
http://purl.org/au-research/grants/nhmrc/1136372
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/91330