The internal structure and geodynamics of Mars inferred from a 4.2-Gyr zircon record

Combining U-Pb ages with Lu-Hf data in zircon provides insights into the magmatic history of rocky planets. The Northwest Africa (NWA) 7034/7533 meteorites are samples of the southern highlands of Mars containing zircon with ages as old as 4476.3 ± 0.9 Ma, interpreted to reflect reworking of the pri...

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Main Authors: Costa, M.M., Jensen, N.K., Bouvier, L.C., Connelly, J.N., Mikouchi, T., Horstwood, M.S.A., Suuronen, J.P., Moynier, F., Deng, Z., Agranier, A., Martin, L.A.J., Johnson, Tim, Nemchin, Alexander, Bizzarro, M.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: NATL ACAD SCIENCES 2020
Subjects:
Online Access:http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/DP190103849
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/90944
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author Costa, M.M.
Jensen, N.K.
Bouvier, L.C.
Connelly, J.N.
Mikouchi, T.
Horstwood, M.S.A.
Suuronen, J.P.
Moynier, F.
Deng, Z.
Agranier, A.
Martin, L.A.J.
Johnson, Tim
Nemchin, Alexander
Bizzarro, M.
author_facet Costa, M.M.
Jensen, N.K.
Bouvier, L.C.
Connelly, J.N.
Mikouchi, T.
Horstwood, M.S.A.
Suuronen, J.P.
Moynier, F.
Deng, Z.
Agranier, A.
Martin, L.A.J.
Johnson, Tim
Nemchin, Alexander
Bizzarro, M.
author_sort Costa, M.M.
building Curtin Institutional Repository
collection Online Access
description Combining U-Pb ages with Lu-Hf data in zircon provides insights into the magmatic history of rocky planets. The Northwest Africa (NWA) 7034/7533 meteorites are samples of the southern highlands of Mars containing zircon with ages as old as 4476.3 ± 0.9 Ma, interpreted to reflect reworking of the primordial Martian crust by impacts. We extracted a statistically significant zircon population (n = 57) from NWA 7533 that defines a temporal record spanning 4.2 Gyr. Ancient zircons record ages from 4485.5 ± 2.2 Ma to 4331.0 ± 1.4 Ma, defining a bimodal distribution with groupings at 4474 ± 10 Ma and 4442 ± 17 Ma. We interpret these to represent intense bombardment episodes at the planet's surface, possibly triggered by the early migration of gas giant planets. The unradiogenic initial Hf-isotope composition of these zircons establishes that Mars's igneous activity prior to ∼4.3 Ga was limited to impact-related reworking of a chemically enriched, primordial crust. A group of younger detrital zircons record ages from 1548.0 ± 8.8 Ma to 299.5 ± 0.6 Ma. The only plausible sources for these grains are the temporally associated Elysium and Tharsis volcanic provinces that are the expressions of deep-seated mantle plumes. The chondritic-like Hf-isotope compositions of these zircons require the existence of a primitive and convecting mantle reservoir, indicating that Mars has been in a stagnant-lid tectonic regime for most of its history. Our results imply that zircon is ubiquitous on the Martian surface, providing a faithful record of the planet's magmatic history.
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spelling curtin-20.500.11937-909442023-05-07T23:51:14Z The internal structure and geodynamics of Mars inferred from a 4.2-Gyr zircon record Costa, M.M. Jensen, N.K. Bouvier, L.C. Connelly, J.N. Mikouchi, T. Horstwood, M.S.A. Suuronen, J.P. Moynier, F. Deng, Z. Agranier, A. Martin, L.A.J. Johnson, Tim Nemchin, Alexander Bizzarro, M. Science & Technology Multidisciplinary Sciences Science & Technology - Other Topics Mars meteorites zircon geodynamics MARTIAN MANTLE MAGMA OCEAN HISTORY ORIGIN CRUST SYSTEMATICS CONVECTION MINERALOGY AGE Mars geodynamics meteorites zircon Combining U-Pb ages with Lu-Hf data in zircon provides insights into the magmatic history of rocky planets. The Northwest Africa (NWA) 7034/7533 meteorites are samples of the southern highlands of Mars containing zircon with ages as old as 4476.3 ± 0.9 Ma, interpreted to reflect reworking of the primordial Martian crust by impacts. We extracted a statistically significant zircon population (n = 57) from NWA 7533 that defines a temporal record spanning 4.2 Gyr. Ancient zircons record ages from 4485.5 ± 2.2 Ma to 4331.0 ± 1.4 Ma, defining a bimodal distribution with groupings at 4474 ± 10 Ma and 4442 ± 17 Ma. We interpret these to represent intense bombardment episodes at the planet's surface, possibly triggered by the early migration of gas giant planets. The unradiogenic initial Hf-isotope composition of these zircons establishes that Mars's igneous activity prior to ∼4.3 Ga was limited to impact-related reworking of a chemically enriched, primordial crust. A group of younger detrital zircons record ages from 1548.0 ± 8.8 Ma to 299.5 ± 0.6 Ma. The only plausible sources for these grains are the temporally associated Elysium and Tharsis volcanic provinces that are the expressions of deep-seated mantle plumes. The chondritic-like Hf-isotope compositions of these zircons require the existence of a primitive and convecting mantle reservoir, indicating that Mars has been in a stagnant-lid tectonic regime for most of its history. Our results imply that zircon is ubiquitous on the Martian surface, providing a faithful record of the planet's magmatic history. 2020 Journal Article http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/90944 10.1073/pnas.2016326117 English http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/DP190103849 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ NATL ACAD SCIENCES fulltext
spellingShingle Science & Technology
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Science & Technology - Other Topics
Mars
meteorites
zircon
geodynamics
MARTIAN MANTLE
MAGMA OCEAN
HISTORY
ORIGIN
CRUST
SYSTEMATICS
CONVECTION
MINERALOGY
AGE
Mars
geodynamics
meteorites
zircon
Costa, M.M.
Jensen, N.K.
Bouvier, L.C.
Connelly, J.N.
Mikouchi, T.
Horstwood, M.S.A.
Suuronen, J.P.
Moynier, F.
Deng, Z.
Agranier, A.
Martin, L.A.J.
Johnson, Tim
Nemchin, Alexander
Bizzarro, M.
The internal structure and geodynamics of Mars inferred from a 4.2-Gyr zircon record
title The internal structure and geodynamics of Mars inferred from a 4.2-Gyr zircon record
title_full The internal structure and geodynamics of Mars inferred from a 4.2-Gyr zircon record
title_fullStr The internal structure and geodynamics of Mars inferred from a 4.2-Gyr zircon record
title_full_unstemmed The internal structure and geodynamics of Mars inferred from a 4.2-Gyr zircon record
title_short The internal structure and geodynamics of Mars inferred from a 4.2-Gyr zircon record
title_sort internal structure and geodynamics of mars inferred from a 4.2-gyr zircon record
topic Science & Technology
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Science & Technology - Other Topics
Mars
meteorites
zircon
geodynamics
MARTIAN MANTLE
MAGMA OCEAN
HISTORY
ORIGIN
CRUST
SYSTEMATICS
CONVECTION
MINERALOGY
AGE
Mars
geodynamics
meteorites
zircon
url http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/DP190103849
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/90944