Characterizations and comparison of low sulfur fuel oils compliant with 2020 global sulfur cap regulation for international shipping

The International Marine Organization 2020 Global Sulfur Cap requires ships to burn fuels with <0.50% S and some countries require <0.10% S in certain Sulfur Emission Control Areas but little is known about these new types of fuels. Using both traditional GC–MS and more advanced chromatographi...

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Main Authors: Nelson, R.K., Scarlett, Alan, Gagnon, Monique, Holman, Alex, Reddy, C.M., Sutton, P.A., Grice, Kliti
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD 2022
Subjects:
Online Access:http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/90138
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author Nelson, R.K.
Scarlett, Alan
Gagnon, Monique
Holman, Alex
Reddy, C.M.
Sutton, P.A.
Grice, Kliti
author_facet Nelson, R.K.
Scarlett, Alan
Gagnon, Monique
Holman, Alex
Reddy, C.M.
Sutton, P.A.
Grice, Kliti
author_sort Nelson, R.K.
building Curtin Institutional Repository
collection Online Access
description The International Marine Organization 2020 Global Sulfur Cap requires ships to burn fuels with <0.50% S and some countries require <0.10% S in certain Sulfur Emission Control Areas but little is known about these new types of fuels. Using both traditional GC–MS and more advanced chromatographic and mass spectrometry techniques, plus stable isotopic, δ13C and δ2H, analyses of pristane, phytane and n-alkanes, the organic components of a suite of three 0.50% S and three 0.10% S compliant fuels were characterized. Two oils were found to be near identical but all of the remaining oils could be forensically distinguished by comparison of their molecular biomarkers and by the profiles of the heterocyclic parent and alkylated homologues. Oils could also be differentiated by their δ13C and δ2H of n-alkanes and isoprenoids. This study provides important forensic data that may prove invaluable in the event of future oil spills.
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spelling curtin-20.500.11937-901382023-02-15T06:01:42Z Characterizations and comparison of low sulfur fuel oils compliant with 2020 global sulfur cap regulation for international shipping Nelson, R.K. Scarlett, Alan Gagnon, Monique Holman, Alex Reddy, C.M. Sutton, P.A. Grice, Kliti International Maritime Organisation Biomarkers Fuel oil Heterocyclics GC × GC Mass spectrometry The International Marine Organization 2020 Global Sulfur Cap requires ships to burn fuels with <0.50% S and some countries require <0.10% S in certain Sulfur Emission Control Areas but little is known about these new types of fuels. Using both traditional GC–MS and more advanced chromatographic and mass spectrometry techniques, plus stable isotopic, δ13C and δ2H, analyses of pristane, phytane and n-alkanes, the organic components of a suite of three 0.50% S and three 0.10% S compliant fuels were characterized. Two oils were found to be near identical but all of the remaining oils could be forensically distinguished by comparison of their molecular biomarkers and by the profiles of the heterocyclic parent and alkylated homologues. Oils could also be differentiated by their δ13C and δ2H of n-alkanes and isoprenoids. This study provides important forensic data that may prove invaluable in the event of future oil spills. 2022 Journal Article http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/90138 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113791 English http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD fulltext
spellingShingle International Maritime Organisation
Biomarkers
Fuel oil
Heterocyclics
GC × GC
Mass spectrometry
Nelson, R.K.
Scarlett, Alan
Gagnon, Monique
Holman, Alex
Reddy, C.M.
Sutton, P.A.
Grice, Kliti
Characterizations and comparison of low sulfur fuel oils compliant with 2020 global sulfur cap regulation for international shipping
title Characterizations and comparison of low sulfur fuel oils compliant with 2020 global sulfur cap regulation for international shipping
title_full Characterizations and comparison of low sulfur fuel oils compliant with 2020 global sulfur cap regulation for international shipping
title_fullStr Characterizations and comparison of low sulfur fuel oils compliant with 2020 global sulfur cap regulation for international shipping
title_full_unstemmed Characterizations and comparison of low sulfur fuel oils compliant with 2020 global sulfur cap regulation for international shipping
title_short Characterizations and comparison of low sulfur fuel oils compliant with 2020 global sulfur cap regulation for international shipping
title_sort characterizations and comparison of low sulfur fuel oils compliant with 2020 global sulfur cap regulation for international shipping
topic International Maritime Organisation
Biomarkers
Fuel oil
Heterocyclics
GC × GC
Mass spectrometry
url http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/90138