Associations between diet quality and depression, anxiety, and fatigue in multiple sclerosis

Background: Many people with multiple sclerosis (MS) modify their dietary intake post diagnosis, but there is little evidence that dietary modifications influence MS outcomes. Methods: People with a first clinical diagnosis of central nervous system demyelination were followed annually for 10 years....

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Main Authors: Saul, A., Taylor, B.V., Blizzard, L., Simpson-Yap, S., Oddy, W.H., Probst, Y.C., Black, Lucinda, Ponsonby, A.L., Broadley, S.A., Lechner-Scott, J., van der Mei, I.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: ELSEVIER SCI LTD 2022
Subjects:
Online Access:http://purl.org/au-research/grants/nhmrc/316901
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/90045
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author Saul, A.
Taylor, B.V.
Blizzard, L.
Simpson-Yap, S.
Oddy, W.H.
Probst, Y.C.
Black, Lucinda
Ponsonby, A.L.
Broadley, S.A.
Lechner-Scott, J.
van der Mei, I.
author_facet Saul, A.
Taylor, B.V.
Blizzard, L.
Simpson-Yap, S.
Oddy, W.H.
Probst, Y.C.
Black, Lucinda
Ponsonby, A.L.
Broadley, S.A.
Lechner-Scott, J.
van der Mei, I.
author_sort Saul, A.
building Curtin Institutional Repository
collection Online Access
description Background: Many people with multiple sclerosis (MS) modify their dietary intake post diagnosis, but there is little evidence that dietary modifications influence MS outcomes. Methods: People with a first clinical diagnosis of central nervous system demyelination were followed annually for 10 years. Depression, anxiety, and fatigue were assessed at the 5-and 10-year reviews using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and Fatigue Severity Scale, respectively. Dietary intake in the preceding 12 months was assessed at baseline, and 5-and 10-year reviews using a food frequency questionnaire. We used the Australian Recommended Food Score (ARFS) and the Diet Quality Tracker (DQT) to assess diet quality. Results: A higher diet quality in the previous 12 months using the ARFS score, but not the DQT, was associated with lower levels of depression (e.g., highest vs lowest quartile: β=-1.35,95%CI=-2.44,-0.26,p=0.01), but neither score was associated with anxiety or fatigue. After assessing diet quality prospectively with outcomes five years later, we found that higher ARFS score, but not DQT score, was associated with lower levels of subsequent anxiety and depression (highest vs lowest quartile; Anxiety: β=-1.61,95%CI=-2.76,-0.46,p=0.01, Depression: β=-1.25,95%CI=-2.44,-0.07,p=0.04), but not fatigue. No associations were observed between diet quality and subsequent change in depression and anxiety over five years, although an association was observed between diet quality and change in fatigue (e.g., highest vs lowest DQT quartile: β=-1.06,95%CI=-1.92,-0.21,p=0.02). When examining the cumulative effect of diet quality across the study period with our 10-year outcomes, only the cumulative DQT score was associated with depression but not anxiety or fatigue. Conclusion: We found significant inverse associations between diet quality and depression and anxiety, but the effect sizes were modest and there was a lack of consistency between the two diet quality measures (ARFS and DQT). A diet measure that correlates with diet quality might underlie our observed associations.
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spelling curtin-20.500.11937-900452024-06-06T01:41:31Z Associations between diet quality and depression, anxiety, and fatigue in multiple sclerosis Saul, A. Taylor, B.V. Blizzard, L. Simpson-Yap, S. Oddy, W.H. Probst, Y.C. Black, Lucinda Ponsonby, A.L. Broadley, S.A. Lechner-Scott, J. van der Mei, I. Science & Technology Life Sciences & Biomedicine Clinical Neurology Neurosciences & Neurology Diet Diet quality Australian recommended food score Diet quality tracker Multiple sclerosis Depression Anxiety Fatigue STRUCTURED APPROACH HOSPITAL ANXIETY ENERGY-INTAKE SCALE DISABILITY SEVERITY EXPOSURE HEALTH INDEX SCORE Background: Many people with multiple sclerosis (MS) modify their dietary intake post diagnosis, but there is little evidence that dietary modifications influence MS outcomes. Methods: People with a first clinical diagnosis of central nervous system demyelination were followed annually for 10 years. Depression, anxiety, and fatigue were assessed at the 5-and 10-year reviews using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and Fatigue Severity Scale, respectively. Dietary intake in the preceding 12 months was assessed at baseline, and 5-and 10-year reviews using a food frequency questionnaire. We used the Australian Recommended Food Score (ARFS) and the Diet Quality Tracker (DQT) to assess diet quality. Results: A higher diet quality in the previous 12 months using the ARFS score, but not the DQT, was associated with lower levels of depression (e.g., highest vs lowest quartile: β=-1.35,95%CI=-2.44,-0.26,p=0.01), but neither score was associated with anxiety or fatigue. After assessing diet quality prospectively with outcomes five years later, we found that higher ARFS score, but not DQT score, was associated with lower levels of subsequent anxiety and depression (highest vs lowest quartile; Anxiety: β=-1.61,95%CI=-2.76,-0.46,p=0.01, Depression: β=-1.25,95%CI=-2.44,-0.07,p=0.04), but not fatigue. No associations were observed between diet quality and subsequent change in depression and anxiety over five years, although an association was observed between diet quality and change in fatigue (e.g., highest vs lowest DQT quartile: β=-1.06,95%CI=-1.92,-0.21,p=0.02). When examining the cumulative effect of diet quality across the study period with our 10-year outcomes, only the cumulative DQT score was associated with depression but not anxiety or fatigue. Conclusion: We found significant inverse associations between diet quality and depression and anxiety, but the effect sizes were modest and there was a lack of consistency between the two diet quality measures (ARFS and DQT). A diet measure that correlates with diet quality might underlie our observed associations. 2022 Journal Article http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/90045 10.1016/j.msard.2022.103910 English http://purl.org/au-research/grants/nhmrc/316901 http://purl.org/au-research/grants/nhmrc/224215 ELSEVIER SCI LTD fulltext
spellingShingle Science & Technology
Life Sciences & Biomedicine
Clinical Neurology
Neurosciences & Neurology
Diet
Diet quality
Australian recommended food score
Diet quality tracker
Multiple sclerosis
Depression
Anxiety
Fatigue
STRUCTURED APPROACH
HOSPITAL ANXIETY
ENERGY-INTAKE
SCALE
DISABILITY
SEVERITY
EXPOSURE
HEALTH
INDEX
SCORE
Saul, A.
Taylor, B.V.
Blizzard, L.
Simpson-Yap, S.
Oddy, W.H.
Probst, Y.C.
Black, Lucinda
Ponsonby, A.L.
Broadley, S.A.
Lechner-Scott, J.
van der Mei, I.
Associations between diet quality and depression, anxiety, and fatigue in multiple sclerosis
title Associations between diet quality and depression, anxiety, and fatigue in multiple sclerosis
title_full Associations between diet quality and depression, anxiety, and fatigue in multiple sclerosis
title_fullStr Associations between diet quality and depression, anxiety, and fatigue in multiple sclerosis
title_full_unstemmed Associations between diet quality and depression, anxiety, and fatigue in multiple sclerosis
title_short Associations between diet quality and depression, anxiety, and fatigue in multiple sclerosis
title_sort associations between diet quality and depression, anxiety, and fatigue in multiple sclerosis
topic Science & Technology
Life Sciences & Biomedicine
Clinical Neurology
Neurosciences & Neurology
Diet
Diet quality
Australian recommended food score
Diet quality tracker
Multiple sclerosis
Depression
Anxiety
Fatigue
STRUCTURED APPROACH
HOSPITAL ANXIETY
ENERGY-INTAKE
SCALE
DISABILITY
SEVERITY
EXPOSURE
HEALTH
INDEX
SCORE
url http://purl.org/au-research/grants/nhmrc/316901
http://purl.org/au-research/grants/nhmrc/316901
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/90045