Archival VLBA Observations of the Cygnus A Nuclear Radio Transient (Cyg A-2) Strengthen the Tidal Disruption Event Interpretation

We have analyzed archival Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) data for Cygnus A between 2002 and 2013, to search for radio emission from the transient discovered in 2015 by Perley et al. approximately 0.″4 from the nucleus of Cygnus A (Cyg A-2). Perley et al. use Very Large Array and VLBA archival data...

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Main Authors: Tingay, Steven, Miller-Jones, James, Lenc, E.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: IOP PUBLISHING LTD 2020
Subjects:
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/abb60d
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/90031
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author Tingay, Steven
Miller-Jones, James
Lenc, E.
author_facet Tingay, Steven
Miller-Jones, James
Lenc, E.
author_sort Tingay, Steven
building Curtin Institutional Repository
collection Online Access
description We have analyzed archival Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) data for Cygnus A between 2002 and 2013, to search for radio emission from the transient discovered in 2015 by Perley et al. approximately 0.″4 from the nucleus of Cygnus A (Cyg A-2). Perley et al. use Very Large Array and VLBA archival data (between 1989 and 1997) to show that the transient rises in flux density by a factor of at least 5 in less than approximately 20 yr. With the additional data presented here, we revise the rise time to between approximately 4 and 6 yr, based on a new detection of the source at 15.4 GHz from 2011 October. Our results strengthen the interpretation of Cyg A-2 as the result of a tidal disruption event (TDE), as we can identify the location of the compact object responsible for the TDE and can estimate the angular expansion speed of the resulting radio-emitting structures, equivalent to an apparent expansion speed of <0.9c. While our results are consistent with recent X-ray analyses, we can rule out a previously suggested date of early 2013 for the timing of the TDE. We favor a timing between early 2009 and late 2011. Applying the model of Nakar Piran, we suggest a TDE causing a mildly relativistic outflow with a (density-dependent) total energy >1049 erg. Due to the improved temporal coverage of our archival measurements, we find that it is unlikely that Cyg A-2 has previously been in a high luminosity radio state over the last 30 yr.
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spelling curtin-20.500.11937-900312023-02-07T04:01:08Z Archival VLBA Observations of the Cygnus A Nuclear Radio Transient (Cyg A-2) Strengthen the Tidal Disruption Event Interpretation Tingay, Steven Miller-Jones, James Lenc, E. Science & Technology Physical Sciences Astronomy & Astrophysics Active galaxies Extragalactic radio sources Experimental techniques We have analyzed archival Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) data for Cygnus A between 2002 and 2013, to search for radio emission from the transient discovered in 2015 by Perley et al. approximately 0.″4 from the nucleus of Cygnus A (Cyg A-2). Perley et al. use Very Large Array and VLBA archival data (between 1989 and 1997) to show that the transient rises in flux density by a factor of at least 5 in less than approximately 20 yr. With the additional data presented here, we revise the rise time to between approximately 4 and 6 yr, based on a new detection of the source at 15.4 GHz from 2011 October. Our results strengthen the interpretation of Cyg A-2 as the result of a tidal disruption event (TDE), as we can identify the location of the compact object responsible for the TDE and can estimate the angular expansion speed of the resulting radio-emitting structures, equivalent to an apparent expansion speed of <0.9c. While our results are consistent with recent X-ray analyses, we can rule out a previously suggested date of early 2013 for the timing of the TDE. We favor a timing between early 2009 and late 2011. Applying the model of Nakar Piran, we suggest a TDE causing a mildly relativistic outflow with a (density-dependent) total energy >1049 erg. Due to the improved temporal coverage of our archival measurements, we find that it is unlikely that Cyg A-2 has previously been in a high luminosity radio state over the last 30 yr. 2020 Journal Article http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/90031 10.3847/2041-8213/abb60d English http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/abb60d http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/DP200102471 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 IOP PUBLISHING LTD fulltext
spellingShingle Science & Technology
Physical Sciences
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Active galaxies
Extragalactic radio sources
Experimental techniques
Tingay, Steven
Miller-Jones, James
Lenc, E.
Archival VLBA Observations of the Cygnus A Nuclear Radio Transient (Cyg A-2) Strengthen the Tidal Disruption Event Interpretation
title Archival VLBA Observations of the Cygnus A Nuclear Radio Transient (Cyg A-2) Strengthen the Tidal Disruption Event Interpretation
title_full Archival VLBA Observations of the Cygnus A Nuclear Radio Transient (Cyg A-2) Strengthen the Tidal Disruption Event Interpretation
title_fullStr Archival VLBA Observations of the Cygnus A Nuclear Radio Transient (Cyg A-2) Strengthen the Tidal Disruption Event Interpretation
title_full_unstemmed Archival VLBA Observations of the Cygnus A Nuclear Radio Transient (Cyg A-2) Strengthen the Tidal Disruption Event Interpretation
title_short Archival VLBA Observations of the Cygnus A Nuclear Radio Transient (Cyg A-2) Strengthen the Tidal Disruption Event Interpretation
title_sort archival vlba observations of the cygnus a nuclear radio transient (cyg a-2) strengthen the tidal disruption event interpretation
topic Science & Technology
Physical Sciences
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Active galaxies
Extragalactic radio sources
Experimental techniques
url http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/abb60d
http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/abb60d
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/90031