| Summary: | Purpose of review
Prevalence estimates of personality disorders (PD) in individuals with gender dysphoria (GD) are variable
and heterogeneous, as psychiatric comorbidity and long-term follow-up data from gender-diverse samples
are still limited. This review aims to assess prevalence rates across age groups and discuss potential
reasons for variability in PD prevalence estimates among transgender people.
Recent findings
International epidemiological data from several countries indicate that the best available estimates of the
prevalence of any PD diagnosis in transgender youth are around 20% for adolescents and tend to increase
to nearly 50% in trans-adults. The paucity of available data on personality dysfunction in children and
adolescents with GD precluded us from definitive conclusions on the trends of emerging PDs in this
population. Estimates of PD prevalence in transgender and gender-diverse people seem to be highly
affected by methodological characteristics of the studies with no universally agreed reference standards for
this population.
Summary
The review of epidemiological studies on PD among gender-diverse people highlights the need for using
more standardized study methodologies to make findings comparable. Nevertheless, international
epidemiological data seem to support the link association between the development of PD and GD.
Keywords
gender dysphoria, gender identity disorder, gender incongruence, personality disorders, transgender and
gender-diverse people, transsexualism
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