Efficient cesium encapsulation from contaminated water by cellulosic biomass based activated wood charcoal
In this study, cost-effective cellulosic biomass based activated wood charcoal was developed from Japanese Sugi tree (Cryptomeria japonica) by concentrated nitric acid modification for adsorption of Cs from contaminated water. The physicochemical properties of specimens were investigated using N2 ad...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
2021
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/88602 |
| _version_ | 1848765050597146624 |
|---|---|
| author | Khandaker, S. Chowdhury, M.F. Awual, Rabiul Islam, A. Kuba, T. |
| author_facet | Khandaker, S. Chowdhury, M.F. Awual, Rabiul Islam, A. Kuba, T. |
| author_sort | Khandaker, S. |
| building | Curtin Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | In this study, cost-effective cellulosic biomass based activated wood charcoal was developed from Japanese Sugi tree (Cryptomeria japonica) by concentrated nitric acid modification for adsorption of Cs from contaminated water. The physicochemical properties of specimens were investigated using N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms (BET method), FESEM, FTIR, and XPS spectra analysis. The experimental results revealed that the surface area of the raw wood charcoal was significantly decreased after boiling nitric acid modification. However, several oxygen-containing acidic function groups (-COOH, –C[dbnd]O) were introduced on the surface. The adsorption study confirmed that the equilibrium contact time was 1 h, the optimum adsorption pH was neutral to alkaline and the suitable adsorbent dose was 1:100 (solid: liquid). The maximum Cs was removed when the concentration of Na and K were lower (5.0 mM) with Cs in solution. The Cs adsorption processes well approved by the Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic models and the maximum adsorption capacity was 35.46 mgg−1. The Cs adsorption mechanism was clearly described and it was assumed that the adsorption was strongly followed by chemisorptions mechanism based on the adsorbent surface properties, kinetic model and Langmuir isotherm model. Most importantly, about 98% of volume reduction was obtained by burning (500 °C) the Cs adsorbed charcoal, which ensured safe storage and disposal of radioactive waste. Therefore, this study can offer a guideline to produce a functional adsorbent for effective Cs removal and safe radioactive waste disposal. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-14T11:29:05Z |
| format | Journal Article |
| id | curtin-20.500.11937-88602 |
| institution | Curtin University Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-14T11:29:05Z |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| publisher | PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | curtin-20.500.11937-886022022-06-14T05:45:25Z Efficient cesium encapsulation from contaminated water by cellulosic biomass based activated wood charcoal Khandaker, S. Chowdhury, M.F. Awual, Rabiul Islam, A. Kuba, T. Science & Technology Life Sciences & Biomedicine Environmental Sciences Environmental Sciences & Ecology Cesium Activated wood charcoal Japanese sugi tree High kinetics Cellulosic biomass Volume reduction POTASSIUM COPPER HEXACYANOFERRATE TRACE PALLADIUM(II) DETECTION TUNING MESOPOROUS ADSORBENT AQUEOUS-SOLUTION COMPOSITE-MATERIAL CONJUGATE ADSORBENT RADIOACTIVE CESIUM SELENIUM(IV) DETECTION LANTHANIDE SORPTION SURFACE-CHEMISTRY In this study, cost-effective cellulosic biomass based activated wood charcoal was developed from Japanese Sugi tree (Cryptomeria japonica) by concentrated nitric acid modification for adsorption of Cs from contaminated water. The physicochemical properties of specimens were investigated using N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms (BET method), FESEM, FTIR, and XPS spectra analysis. The experimental results revealed that the surface area of the raw wood charcoal was significantly decreased after boiling nitric acid modification. However, several oxygen-containing acidic function groups (-COOH, –C[dbnd]O) were introduced on the surface. The adsorption study confirmed that the equilibrium contact time was 1 h, the optimum adsorption pH was neutral to alkaline and the suitable adsorbent dose was 1:100 (solid: liquid). The maximum Cs was removed when the concentration of Na and K were lower (5.0 mM) with Cs in solution. The Cs adsorption processes well approved by the Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic models and the maximum adsorption capacity was 35.46 mgg−1. The Cs adsorption mechanism was clearly described and it was assumed that the adsorption was strongly followed by chemisorptions mechanism based on the adsorbent surface properties, kinetic model and Langmuir isotherm model. Most importantly, about 98% of volume reduction was obtained by burning (500 °C) the Cs adsorbed charcoal, which ensured safe storage and disposal of radioactive waste. Therefore, this study can offer a guideline to produce a functional adsorbent for effective Cs removal and safe radioactive waste disposal. 2021 Journal Article http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/88602 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127801 English PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD restricted |
| spellingShingle | Science & Technology Life Sciences & Biomedicine Environmental Sciences Environmental Sciences & Ecology Cesium Activated wood charcoal Japanese sugi tree High kinetics Cellulosic biomass Volume reduction POTASSIUM COPPER HEXACYANOFERRATE TRACE PALLADIUM(II) DETECTION TUNING MESOPOROUS ADSORBENT AQUEOUS-SOLUTION COMPOSITE-MATERIAL CONJUGATE ADSORBENT RADIOACTIVE CESIUM SELENIUM(IV) DETECTION LANTHANIDE SORPTION SURFACE-CHEMISTRY Khandaker, S. Chowdhury, M.F. Awual, Rabiul Islam, A. Kuba, T. Efficient cesium encapsulation from contaminated water by cellulosic biomass based activated wood charcoal |
| title | Efficient cesium encapsulation from contaminated water by cellulosic biomass based activated wood charcoal |
| title_full | Efficient cesium encapsulation from contaminated water by cellulosic biomass based activated wood charcoal |
| title_fullStr | Efficient cesium encapsulation from contaminated water by cellulosic biomass based activated wood charcoal |
| title_full_unstemmed | Efficient cesium encapsulation from contaminated water by cellulosic biomass based activated wood charcoal |
| title_short | Efficient cesium encapsulation from contaminated water by cellulosic biomass based activated wood charcoal |
| title_sort | efficient cesium encapsulation from contaminated water by cellulosic biomass based activated wood charcoal |
| topic | Science & Technology Life Sciences & Biomedicine Environmental Sciences Environmental Sciences & Ecology Cesium Activated wood charcoal Japanese sugi tree High kinetics Cellulosic biomass Volume reduction POTASSIUM COPPER HEXACYANOFERRATE TRACE PALLADIUM(II) DETECTION TUNING MESOPOROUS ADSORBENT AQUEOUS-SOLUTION COMPOSITE-MATERIAL CONJUGATE ADSORBENT RADIOACTIVE CESIUM SELENIUM(IV) DETECTION LANTHANIDE SORPTION SURFACE-CHEMISTRY |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/88602 |