Environmental Regulation and Corporate R&D Investment—Evidence from a Quasi-Natural Experiment

The question of whether environmental regulation stimulates innovation activities has long been important and controversial. This study explores an ideal setting, the low-carbon city pilot program conducted by the Chinese government as a quasi-natural experiment to address this question. We conduct...

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Main Authors: Huang, J.C., Zhao, J., Cao, June
Format: Journal Article
Published: 2021
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iref.2020.11.018
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/86026
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author Huang, J.C.
Zhao, J.
Cao, June
author_facet Huang, J.C.
Zhao, J.
Cao, June
author_sort Huang, J.C.
building Curtin Institutional Repository
collection Online Access
description The question of whether environmental regulation stimulates innovation activities has long been important and controversial. This study explores an ideal setting, the low-carbon city pilot program conducted by the Chinese government as a quasi-natural experiment to address this question. We conduct a difference-in-differences approach to analyze the impact of environment regulation on R&D investment. We find that the program's adoption has led to an increase in R&D investment of 0.145% as a percentage of total assets and 0.273% as a percentage of sales, indicating a positive effect of environmental regulation on R&D expenditures. The increase in R&D expenditures is greater for firms experiencing a larger increase in government subsidies, a greater decline in corporate tax or a greater improvement in financial condition following the low-carbon pilot program. A series of robustness tests support a causal interpretation of our findings and indicate that the observed effect of the low-carbon pilot program on corporate R&D investment is unlikely driven by chance. Our results provide in-depth insights into the economic consequences of low-carbon regulation policies which could be of interest to academic researchers and policymakers.
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spelling curtin-20.500.11937-860262021-11-19T04:03:53Z Environmental Regulation and Corporate R&D Investment—Evidence from a Quasi-Natural Experiment Huang, J.C. Zhao, J. Cao, June The question of whether environmental regulation stimulates innovation activities has long been important and controversial. This study explores an ideal setting, the low-carbon city pilot program conducted by the Chinese government as a quasi-natural experiment to address this question. We conduct a difference-in-differences approach to analyze the impact of environment regulation on R&D investment. We find that the program's adoption has led to an increase in R&D investment of 0.145% as a percentage of total assets and 0.273% as a percentage of sales, indicating a positive effect of environmental regulation on R&D expenditures. The increase in R&D expenditures is greater for firms experiencing a larger increase in government subsidies, a greater decline in corporate tax or a greater improvement in financial condition following the low-carbon pilot program. A series of robustness tests support a causal interpretation of our findings and indicate that the observed effect of the low-carbon pilot program on corporate R&D investment is unlikely driven by chance. Our results provide in-depth insights into the economic consequences of low-carbon regulation policies which could be of interest to academic researchers and policymakers. 2021 Journal Article http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/86026 10.1016/j.iref.2020.11.018 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iref.2020.11.018 restricted
spellingShingle Huang, J.C.
Zhao, J.
Cao, June
Environmental Regulation and Corporate R&D Investment—Evidence from a Quasi-Natural Experiment
title Environmental Regulation and Corporate R&D Investment—Evidence from a Quasi-Natural Experiment
title_full Environmental Regulation and Corporate R&D Investment—Evidence from a Quasi-Natural Experiment
title_fullStr Environmental Regulation and Corporate R&D Investment—Evidence from a Quasi-Natural Experiment
title_full_unstemmed Environmental Regulation and Corporate R&D Investment—Evidence from a Quasi-Natural Experiment
title_short Environmental Regulation and Corporate R&D Investment—Evidence from a Quasi-Natural Experiment
title_sort environmental regulation and corporate r&d investment—evidence from a quasi-natural experiment
url https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iref.2020.11.018
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/86026