A new Inequity-in-Health Index based on Millenium Development Goals: methodology and validation
Objectives: Developing a new Inequity-in-Health Index (IHI) assuming inequity as "inequality of health outcomes," based on Millennium Development Goals (MDG). Study Design and Setting: Ecological study. Countries from around the world were included from United Nations, the World Bank, and...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Journal Article |
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Elsevier
2008
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| Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/8543 |
| _version_ | 1848745689650036736 |
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| author | Eslava-Schmalbach, J. Alfonso, Helman Oliveros, H. Gaitán, H. Agudelo, C. |
| author_facet | Eslava-Schmalbach, J. Alfonso, Helman Oliveros, H. Gaitán, H. Agudelo, C. |
| author_sort | Eslava-Schmalbach, J. |
| building | Curtin Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Objectives: Developing a new Inequity-in-Health Index (IHI) assuming inequity as "inequality of health outcomes," based on Millennium Development Goals (MDG). Study Design and Setting: Ecological study. Countries from around the world were included from United Nations, the World Bank, and a nonprofit organization's databases. The reliability and validity of this bidimensional IHI was tested. Main factor analysis (promax rotation) and main component analysis were used. Results: Six variables were used for constructing the IHI was constructed with six variables: underweight children, child mortality, death from malaria in children aged 0-4, death from malaria at all ages, births attended by skilled health personnel, and immunization against measles. The IHI had high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.8504), was reliable (Spearman > 0.9, P = 0.0000), and had 0.3033p around the world (range: 0p-0.5984p). IHI had high correlation with the human development and poverty indexes, health gap indicator, life expectancy at birth, probability of dying before 40 years of age, and Gini coefficients (Spearman > 0.7, P = 0.0000). IHI discriminated countries by income, region, indebtedness, and corruption level (Kruskal Wallis, P < 0.01). IHI had sensitivity to change (P = 0.0000). Conclusion: IHI is a bidimensional, valid and reliable index to monitor MDG. A new reliable methodology for developing bidimensional indicators is shown, which could be used for constructing other ones with their corresponding scores and graphs. © 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-14T06:21:21Z |
| format | Journal Article |
| id | curtin-20.500.11937-8543 |
| institution | Curtin University Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-14T06:21:21Z |
| publishDate | 2008 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | curtin-20.500.11937-85432017-09-13T14:52:45Z A new Inequity-in-Health Index based on Millenium Development Goals: methodology and validation Eslava-Schmalbach, J. Alfonso, Helman Oliveros, H. Gaitán, H. Agudelo, C. Objectives: Developing a new Inequity-in-Health Index (IHI) assuming inequity as "inequality of health outcomes," based on Millennium Development Goals (MDG). Study Design and Setting: Ecological study. Countries from around the world were included from United Nations, the World Bank, and a nonprofit organization's databases. The reliability and validity of this bidimensional IHI was tested. Main factor analysis (promax rotation) and main component analysis were used. Results: Six variables were used for constructing the IHI was constructed with six variables: underweight children, child mortality, death from malaria in children aged 0-4, death from malaria at all ages, births attended by skilled health personnel, and immunization against measles. The IHI had high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.8504), was reliable (Spearman > 0.9, P = 0.0000), and had 0.3033p around the world (range: 0p-0.5984p). IHI had high correlation with the human development and poverty indexes, health gap indicator, life expectancy at birth, probability of dying before 40 years of age, and Gini coefficients (Spearman > 0.7, P = 0.0000). IHI discriminated countries by income, region, indebtedness, and corruption level (Kruskal Wallis, P < 0.01). IHI had sensitivity to change (P = 0.0000). Conclusion: IHI is a bidimensional, valid and reliable index to monitor MDG. A new reliable methodology for developing bidimensional indicators is shown, which could be used for constructing other ones with their corresponding scores and graphs. © 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 2008 Journal Article http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/8543 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2007.05.001 Elsevier restricted |
| spellingShingle | Eslava-Schmalbach, J. Alfonso, Helman Oliveros, H. Gaitán, H. Agudelo, C. A new Inequity-in-Health Index based on Millenium Development Goals: methodology and validation |
| title | A new Inequity-in-Health Index based on Millenium Development Goals: methodology and validation |
| title_full | A new Inequity-in-Health Index based on Millenium Development Goals: methodology and validation |
| title_fullStr | A new Inequity-in-Health Index based on Millenium Development Goals: methodology and validation |
| title_full_unstemmed | A new Inequity-in-Health Index based on Millenium Development Goals: methodology and validation |
| title_short | A new Inequity-in-Health Index based on Millenium Development Goals: methodology and validation |
| title_sort | new inequity-in-health index based on millenium development goals: methodology and validation |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/8543 |